台灣地區出口與轉口一般櫃於貨櫃存放場儲位堆疊規劃之數學模式分析

Mathematical Analysis of Export and Re-export Containers Space Allocation and Yard Planning in Container Yards in Taiwan

張祐達(Yu-da Chang)

指導教授 ： 宮大川

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400341

摘要

在全球運籌的趨勢下，海洋運輸在海島國家的貨物運送上，扮演著相當重要的角色，其中又因貨櫃具有適於複合式運輸的特點，故貨櫃化的海洋運輸儼然成為現代海洋運輸的主流。然在強調速度、競爭力的今天，如何提昇海運貨櫃運輸的效益，將是一個重要的課題。此外，國際海運之經營，可分為定期航運與不定期航運兩類，其中定期航運所使用的船舶，自1960後，大多改用貨櫃船來取代雜貨船，而貨櫃船所載運之貨櫃案國際貿易的目的，可區分進口櫃、出口櫃、轉口櫃與空櫃等，由於牽扯的層面廣闊，難以一一說明，故本研究焦點將先集中在台灣地區出口整櫃作業的部分，加以探討。
而在出口貨櫃整個運輸體系上，通常花費相當長的時間在貨櫃場等待裝船，尤其在船舶大型化後，其停留在貨櫃場的時間變得更長，因此如何提昇貨櫃場的作業效率，將是本文的研究重點。
傳統上，貨櫃場儲位指派多半由人工經驗進行之，因此指派的結果常會因為不同的操作人員，而有不同的結果。有鑑於此，本研究將發展一個切合實際狀況的數學模式，使貨櫃在進場之前，指派人員可根據本研究所發展的規劃藍圖指派，以增加貨櫃場的作業效率；另外，由於不同航次的狀況條件不一，故其所被安排規劃的儲位數也會不同。因此本研究提出以翻櫃數成本與儲位空間浪費成本和最小的前提下，儲區的最適當規劃模式，最後並根據實驗結果來驗證模式，並提出建議與結論以供參考。

關鍵字

出口貨櫃 ； 儲位指派 ； 貨櫃場

並列摘要

Under the trend of Global Logistics, the marine transport at the international transportation plays an important role. Especially, when containers turn into a characteristic of the composite transportation, containerships become popular. Companies focus on their velocity and competence to the market. How to increase the marine transport effectiveness is therefore an issue. In this research project, the export container will be the studied aim.
Containers in the entire export operation process usually need to stay a long time at the yard. Particularly, the larger size of ship is today, the longer time containers wait to be processed. As such, the objective of this research is to improve the operation efficiency of the container yard.
Traditionally, the container space allocation is handled based on operator’s experience. Different operators will come out distinct assignments. In addition, their assignments are always not optimal. Hence, we are interested in developing a mathematical model to provide a guideline for the containers allocation. The algorithm could improve the yard operation efficiency. Besides, a yard planning model to plan area size of marshalling yard for containers of multi-voyage is also developing. According to the numerical experiment study results, conclusion and comments will be made at the end for future research reference.

並列關鍵字

Space allocation ； Export container ； Container yard

參考文獻

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