風力發電變流器與市電並聯系統之研製

Design and Implementation of an Inverter for Wind-turbine Generator Connected to Grid System

王俊雄(Jung-Siung Wang)

指導教授 ： 楊宏澤 ； 張文宇

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400482

摘要

各國工業發展均需仰賴電力，然而在急促的開發下，地球上既存的石化能源卻逐漸短缺枯竭，人類生存的環境污染亦日益嚴重，尤以身處的台灣地區缺少天然能源，發電成本較高，致力於替代能源開發乃成為是當前迫切的課題之一。
本文旨在研製一風力發電變流器與巿電並聯系統作為風力發電系統之一重要部分，其中，主要電能轉換系統硬體架構係推挽式轉換器與全橋式變流器之兩級轉換電路。為減低電路設計及控制之複雜度，本文採用數位訊號處理器(TMS320F240)作為系統整體控制核心。系統之變流器採電壓源電流控制型，系統與巿電並聯運轉，可將直流能量儲存在蓄電池中，再經由變流器進行能量轉換後，得到與市電電壓振幅及頻率相同之正弦電壓送回至巿電端，以供負載使用。
由於風力發電系統在與市電並聯時會有孤島現象的發生，也就是當市電端因故障事故跳脫時，風力發電系統端未能即時檢測出市電停止供電狀態來切離跳脫，而持續供電，因而會造成電力公司輸配電線路維護人員之安全危害，針對此一問題本論文孤島效應偵測保護係採用電壓差分相關性擾動法，主動對變流器之輸出產生擾動行為並監測負載端電壓，當市電跳脫發生孤島現象時，利用已知擾動量與負載端電壓兩者之正相關性判斷孤島效應發生與否，此一主動式判斷法則克服了傳統電壓擾動式孤島現象偵測技術的盲點。
文中除對風力發電系統與巿電並聯運轉進行電腦模擬外，並根據模擬結果分析比較，實際建立一孤島現象監測系統，透過硬體製作驗證本文的理論及設計模擬上的正確性，以能達到有效縮小孤島現象不可偵測區域，以及提高孤島現象檢測準確率。

關鍵字

市電並聯 ； 變流器 ； 孤島效應 ； 電壓差分相關性擾動法

並列摘要

The economic of the world grow up very quickly and the energy requirement is more and more. The electric power is need more for the industry. However, the oil in the earth will exhaust in recent years. Today, there are many scientists try to find a new energy.
The design and implementation of a wind power inverter for grid connection system is presented in this thesis. Main energy conversion system architecture is composed of a push-pull converter and full bridge inverter. Digital signal processor is used that the control kernel of system to reduce the complexity of circuit design and control. The power control is a current-control voltage source inverter, it can be converted DC source to AC source as utility voltage amplitude and frequency, and deliver the electric power to utility line to supply the load by mean of inverter to connect a utility grid.
Islanding of a grid-connected independent generator such as a wind power system, occurs when a section of a utility system containing such generators is disconnected from the main utility voltage source, but the independent generators continue to energize the lines in the isolated section. Islanding of wind power system is a concern primarily because it poses a safety to utility repair and maintenance personnel.
The proposed active method differential voltage correlation method for protection against islanding, enables islanding detection by monitoring the load voltage perturbation, and according to the perturbation depend on correlation to detect the islanding event, and this active method to overcome the tradition active method voltage perturbation islanding detection lose effectiveness.
Finally, the simulation and experimental results are presented and discussed in this thesis to verify the performance and the feasibility system.

並列關鍵字

Islanding ； Grid-connected ； Differential Voltage Correlation Method ； Inverter

參考文獻

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