考慮需求變動與允許缺貨之多次生產回收性商品存貨模式

Multiple productions inventory model for reusable product with varying demand and shortage

黃怡慈(Yi-Tzu Huang)

指導教授 ： 黃惠民

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500197

摘要

在自由開放的競爭市場下，有效的降低企業成本及增加產品的價
值是提高競爭力的不二法門。近年來隨著環保意識的抬頭，環境成本
佔企業總成本的比重日益增加。環保，就是為了能夠達到物盡其用、
不浪費資源，並減少廢料對於環境所造成的負擔。因此，如何利用資
源回收與再生來降低相關的物料成本，是企業在提高市場競爭力上另
一項考量的重點。

本研究以製造可回收再利用物品為研究對象，在單一產品及單一週期，分別建構了在允許缺貨及需求為線性遞減的條件下之多次回復生產之存貨模式。本研究建立數學模式，以數學軟體搜尋出在總成本最小化的最佳回復生產次數，並透過數值範例與敏感度分析來瞭解影響系統之關鍵參數。

研究結果發現允許缺貨之可回收架構的存貨模式中，發現到回收的比率及生產批量為影響總成本的關鍵參數，如果能有效的控制其參數，將可達到總成本最佳化。另外由此兩模式敏感度分析中得知，如果能對需求做更精準的預測，將會降低存貨水準進而降低總成本。

關鍵字

缺貨 ； 可再利用物品 ； 存貨 ； 需求變動

並列摘要

In this open and competitive market, effective cost reduction and improving product value is the best way to increase competitiveness. In the recent years, due to the increasing environmental protection cost, environmental consciousness in enterprise is becoming more and more important. One of the ways to reduce material cost and protect environment is to recycle resources.

This study discusses an inventory model of reusable items with shortage and decreasing market demand. A mathematical model and a program are developed to derive the optimal solution with minimal total cost. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are carried out to analyze the influence of key parameters to the inventory system.

The result of this study shows that the total cost is most sensitive to the percentage of reusable items, the demand forecast and their lot sizes. Optimal cost can be derived through proper control of the key parameters. The sensitivity analysis done in the two models show that inventory level and total cost can be reduced through a better demand forecast.

並列關鍵字

reusable product ； varying demand ； inventory ； shortage

參考文獻

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