- 學位論文
瓦爾特．本雅明論語言與歷史之神學向度
Walter Benjamin on Theological Dimension of Language and History
摘要
本雅明認為語言表達人與事物的精神本質，而且不是通過語言而是在語言中傳達的。上帝創造時賦予了事物的精神本質，萬物以無名/聲的言語傳達出來，人類傾聽並將這些無名/聲的名字轉換為有名/聲的，翻譯回覆給上帝。但是墮落後，人類語言不再與上帝聯結，詞言淪落為傳達他物的工具。命名的純語言雖然受傷，但沒有完全從這個世界上消失。後期本雅明轉向文藝批評，因為他相信在藝術之中有純語言的遺跡。所以，翻譯的目的不是尋找原文意義，乃是將作品中的純語言繼續傳遞下去。 本雅明認為，寓言是巴洛克時期劇作家們用來對抗古典主義象徵概念最有力的武器。寓言呈現出來的是碎片、拒絕整體性，體現關係的危機。現代技術造成複製品大量出現，欣賞藝術品和複製品之間感受到的差異，本雅明稱之為靈光。靈光是與事物傳達自身精神存在的無聲言語相呼應的。所以靈光消失使本雅明深感不捨，卻又是彌賽亞來臨的前兆。本雅明不認同歷史事件的因果關係，世俗所謂的進步在他眼中反而是災難，因此救贖就是中斷歷史連續性。彌賽亞的任務不是成全歷史，乃是破壞歷史，解放深陷其中的純語言。語言的解放帶來萬物精神的解放，救贖就是萬物和人類回復平等的地位，回復和諧的關係。
並列摘要
Walter Benjamin thought that language express mental being of human and things. This mental being communicates in language but not through language. God created mental being of things, which communicate with nameless/muteness, then human listened and translated them into name/sonic to God. After the fall of humankind, human language separated from divine, and word must communicate something else other than itself. Though pure language of naming is injured, it has not disappeared from this world. That is why Benjamin turned to art criticism, because he believed that fragment of pure language is in art. Therefore, the purpose of translation is not to look for the meaning of the original text, but to pass on the pure language in the works. Benjamin believed that Baroque drama was thought to be the best weapon to confront symbol of classicism with allegory, which is fragmentary, refuses totality, and reflects the crisis of relationship, Modern technology leads to the mass production of art replica, Benjamin called the resulting difference in experiencing between appreciating the work of art and the reproduction as aura. Aura is response to mute language that things express its mental being. So he regretted the shriveling of aura, but that is omen of coming of Messiah. Benjamin denied the causal connection between historical events, the so-called progress is catastrophe in his eyes. Hence redemption is the disruption of the continuum of history. So Messiah does not to come to complete history but to destroy history, and to liberate the pure language. The liberation of the language brings the liberation of every spirit. Redemption is that everything and human being return to the state of equality and harmonious relationship.