- 學位論文
鐵道車輛輪緣改良型潤滑系統之研製
Development of the Lubrication System of Wheel Flanges of Railway Vehechle
摘要
鐵道車輛車輪輪緣潤滑係用以潤滑電聯車每一車輪組之車輪凸緣，減少車輪輪緣磨損及降低摩擦噪音，因目前台北捷運公司所屬之電聯車輪緣潤滑系統以計時方式作動，採持續潤滑車輪輪緣的模式，不僅浪費輪緣潤滑油，且煞車時因車輪附著過量的潤滑油，將造成列車無法在車站停定位的情形，另因車輪空轉與打滑的現象，更容易發生電聯車煞車功能失效。 由於電聯車在軌道彎曲路段時，車輪磨耗情況最為嚴重，因此計劃電聯車行駛於彎道上，始以輪緣潤滑器作動,避免輪緣潤滑器持續作動所造成之過度潤滑及污染軌道情形發生，並配合於轉向架與車體間安裝角度控制器組與修改原廠設計之控制電路。以安全和效率為基本目標，針對車輪輪緣潤滑系統進行變更設計，經分析台北捷運公司營運路線之路徑特性，依照實際線形特性進行測試觀察，利用控制軌道曲率半徑調整輪緣潤滑比例，以達到最佳化之潤滑需求，增加列車行駛平順度，使車輪與軌道之磨耗降至最低。 本研究之主要目的為在彎道處提供車輪輪緣之潤滑，避免造成輪緣角度及鋼軌外緣角之過度磨耗，降低電聯車轉彎時的摩擦噪音，以減少車輪車削頻繁與降低軌道的研磨次數，並提高行車安全及節省潤滑油使用量。歷經1年3個月之實際載客運轉並無發生故障與誤動作之情形，且能於適當曲率之彎道提供良好之輪緣潤滑效果，證明符合台北大眾捷運系統使用，並得到台北大眾捷運公司肯定改善成效，確實有提升保障系統之安全性與潤滑品質及功能特性。
並列摘要
Flange lubricator is used for the lubrication of wheel flanges of railway vehicle, in a bid to mitigate the flange wearing and noise. The flange lubricators used in Taipe Metro Electrical Multiple Units is timer-controlled, which means continuous application of lubricant on the flange, and lubricant wasting as well as wheel slide in braking because of the over-lubrication on the wheel is projected. Train stoppage accuracy in station can not be assured, and very often the braking efficiency is impacted due to the wheel spin and slide problem. Train negotiating a curve will worsen the wheel wearing problem, which can be improved if the lubricator is actuated on in curve and wheel over-lubrication and trackway contamination can be avoided. Lubricator control is via an angle controller and modification of the control circuit of the original supplier. While keeping safety and efficiency in mind, alignment characteristics of Taipei Metro is analyzed, and on-site inspection and testing is conducted, resulting in an optimal lubrication effect where the train runs more smoothly and wearing between wheel and track is minimized. This study is attempted to provide sufficient lubrication for the wheels in curve, and in the mean time over-wearing of flange angle and rail outboard rim angle can be avoided, train noise in curve can be reduced, interval of wheel truing and rail grinding can be extended, and train operation safety and lubricant dosing quantity can be enhanced as well. After one year and three months of real revenue service, no fault or incorrect operation had occurred, validating the suitability of this lubricator for Taipei Metro which gives high praise, and effectively maintaining the system safety and lubrication quality.