- 學位論文
活性碳對高分子家用品裂解物吸附性能之研究
Equilibrium Isotherms of Gases from Heat Decomposition of Polymers on Activated Carbon
摘要
以高分子材料製成之家用產品為研究對象，分析家用高分子材料在不 同溫度下分解之主要毒性物質及裂解產物成分，做為評估吸附材之吸附性 能及建立資料庫，所建裂解氣體之吸附帄衡數據資料庫可做為火災證物鑑 定之參考及消防人員安全防護資料。 以 PET、Nylon 6、Nylon 6,6、PS、PP、PE 等高分子材料製成之家用製 品，使用儀器TGA-ATD-GC/MS 測試出材料熱裂解時可能產生的氣體，同 時也進行文獻有關高分子材料熱裂解產生氣體之資料搜集，由實驗分析結 果或文獻進行選用部分對消防人員以及人民吸入時危害較大之毒性氣體進 行吸附帄衡實驗以獲得等溫吸附帄衡數據，且建立等溫吸附帄衡數據資料 庫及預測模式。 由本實驗吸附材對熱裂解毒性物質的吸附性帄衡數據，可以發現活性 碳對芳香族、烷類、烯類、醇類、酮類、環氧物質及酸類吸附性能良好， 其中又以酸類在單位重量吸附材的吸附量最高。最主要應是本實驗所選用 活性碳的比表面積較其他吸附材大，可提供對揮發性有機氣體之吸附活性 基座也應較多，使得吸附毒性物質的性能顯著。以往TGA-GC/MS 組合較 難應用在本研究相關之探討，主要是因裂解氣體量較低。但本研究增加ATD 於TGA 與GC/MS 之間可以吸附累積至GC/MS 可有效偵測範圍。
並列摘要
There are many polymer products used in homes and therefore there is great concern about the toxic compounds which may be produced from these polymers in case of fire. In this study, the toxic compounds and the ingredients from the heat decomposition of polymer products are analyzed. The experimental adsorption equilibrium data and the regression model for the isotherm curves of the decomposed gases as the reference of authenticate the witness at fire and the security data base for firemen. PET, Nylon6, Nylon66, PS, PP and PE have been selected to represent typical polymer products found in homes. The decomposed gases on heating from these polymers are studied by TGA-ATD-GC/MS. Part of the decomposed gases which are seriously influence the health of humen are selected as the adsorbate in the equilibrium adsorption study. These toxic gases are conducted to the adsorption equilibrium apparatus, which is designed by the weight method with a high accurate microbalance, to obtain the adsorption equilibrium isotherm data. On the basis of the adsorption equilibrium data, activated carbon was selected in this study in the adsorption of decomposed gases. The major reason is that the specific surface area of activated carbon is much larger than the other adsorbents. It provides more activated sites to the molecules of decomposed gases therefore these toxic gases adsorption is more efficient. The adsorption of aromatic, alkane, alkene, alcohol, ketone, epoxide, and acid gases form the heat decomposition of polymers is good for the adsorption by activated carbon and the adsorption uptake for acid gases is the highest. The regression model for the equilibrium isotherm data is III developed in this study also.