- 學位論文
多溴聯苯及多溴聯苯醚之螢光性探討
A Study of the Fluorescing Properties of Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers
摘要
多溴聯苯(polybrominated biphenyls,簡稱PBBs)與多溴聯苯醚 (polybrominated diphenyl ethers,簡稱PBDEs)是現今最廣泛被使用的溴化阻燃 劑。溴化阻燃劑被添加於塑膠與發泡材料中，來減少火災所造成的傷害，保護 我們的生命與財產。然而，許多研究都指出溴化阻燃劑是一種新興的污染源， 在我們的社會中造成很大的衝擊，主要原因在於不當的處置產品。 研究指出，多溴聯苯與多溴聯苯醚的殘留性及毒性不容小覷。多溴聯苯及 多溴聯苯醚會干擾正常荷爾蒙(hormone)的運作且不易分解，可藉由生物累積及 濃縮效應，累積在生物體內。在長期的暴露下，會增加罹患癌症的機率。 多溴聯苯及多溴聯苯醚的化學結構中都含有共軛系統，會增強螢光放光效 應。本實驗主要利用螢光光譜儀來探討多溴聯苯與多溴聯苯醚的螢光性質。實 驗樣品共有七種多溴聯苯及三種多溴聯苯醚。結果發現它們都具有螢光活性。 在多溴聯苯中，BB-22、BB-52、BB-75、BB-155 的最佳激發波長為270 nm； BB-31、BB-37、BB-77 則是240 nm 為最佳的激發波長。而所有的多溴聯苯的最 強放射波長在300 nm 到330 nm，其中又以310 nm 為最佳。而多溴聯苯醚中， BDE-156 的最佳激發波長為270 nm，最強放射波長為312 nm；BDE-209 的最佳 激發波長260 nm，最強放射波長為286 nm; BDE-100 的最佳激發波長260 nm， 最強放射波長為314 nm。 最後，便將多溴聯苯及多溴聯苯醚的螢光性應用於液相層析-螢光偵測系 統。結果證實，液相層析-螢光偵測系統可以應用於偵測多溴聯苯及多溴聯苯醚， 可達到ng / mL (ppb)等級。
並列摘要
PBBs (Polybrominated biphenyls) and PBDEs (Polybrominated diphenyl ethers) are good flame retardants and are collectively called brominated flame retardants (BFRs). BFRs are widely used in materials such as plastics and foams because they can reduce fire accidents quite effectively, and thus can protect lives and properties. However, many studies have shown that BFRs have become a new class of contaminants due to improper dispositions. Studies have also showed the persistence and toxicity of PBBs and PBDEs including disturbance of normal hormone functions and their tendencies to bioaccumulate. Bioaccumulation of BFRs is suspected to have cancer-causing effect. The goal of this study is to explore the fluorescing properties of PBBs and PBDEs as they both contain conjugated systems that are known to enhance fluorescence. Seven PBB congeners and three PBDE congeners were investigated in this study, of which all demonstrated fluorescence activity. Of the seven PBBs, BB-22, BB-52, BB-75, and BB-155 showed the best excitation wavelength at 270nm, while BB-31, BB-37, and BB-77 showed the best excitation wavelength at 240nm. The emission wavelength ranged from 300nm to 330nm, with 310nm being the strongest. As for the PBDEs, BDE-156 has the best excitation wavelength at 270nm with strongest emission wavelength at 312nm; BDE-209 has the best excitation wavelength at 260nm with strongest emission wavelength at 286nm; BDE-100 has the best excitation wavelength at 260nm with strongest emission wavelength at 314nm. The fluorescing properties of PBBs and PBDEs were tested with a liquid chromatograph equipped with a fluorescence detection system (LC-FD). The results showed that LC-FD is capable to detect PBBs and PBDEs down to sub ppb level.