應用故障樹分析評估發輸電及開關場保護系統之可靠度

Application of Fault-Tree Analysis to Assess Reliability of the Generation/Transmission and the Switchyard Protection Systems

李崙暉(Lun-Hui Lee)

指導教授 ： 洪穎怡

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200901321

摘要

電力系統可靠度的問題涵蓋非常廣泛，本文選擇對電力系統可靠度較具影響的發輸電系統和開關場保護系統進行可靠度評估研究。
本論文對發輸電系統的可靠度評估提出一種結合問題判定和故障樹分析的新方法，此方法的第一個步驟是產生各種偶發事故對輸電系統的影響，然後第二步是將結果歸納分成三類，分別為「正常」、「局部問題」和「系統問題」等三類，第三步驟使用故障樹分析評估輸電系統的可靠度，最後是以風險降低價值重要性指標做為評估各元件對系統可靠度的影響。本文選用台電的輸電系統做範例，採用提出的方法做可靠度評估。
本文同時亦提出模糊故障樹為結合故障樹與不準度觀念的方法用以評估開關場保護系統可靠度。本文以模糊集合表示元件不可用率之不準度，使用故障樹分析結合模糊集合完成可靠度評估。除此之外，元件影響系統可靠度的重要性是以模糊重要性量測指標表示。本文以台電核能三廠的345kV開關場保護系統進行可靠度評估。
本文對發輸電系統和開關場保護系統分別以所提的可靠度評估方法進行模擬和驗證，研究結果顯示方法之適用性，且不僅可以獲得可靠度指標，同時也可得知元件對系統可靠度重要性指標，瞭解系統的弱點及需改善加強的部分，可做為後續可靠度提升及改善之依據。

關鍵字

故障樹分析 ； 模糊故障樹 ； 可靠度 ； 發輸電系統 ； 開關場保護系統

並列摘要

Reliability of an electric power system is a diverse problem. The reliabilities of a composite system and a protection system for a switchyard are studied in this dissertation because they are important in electric power system.
This dissertation presents a method that integrates deterministic approach with fault-tree analysis for reliability assessment of a composite system (generation and transmission). The contingency screening is conducted in the first step. The results are further classified into three clusters in the second step: normal, local trouble and system trouble. The fault tree analysis is used to assess the reliability of the composite system in the third step. Finally, Risk Reduction Worth is adopted as a measure of importance for identifying the crucial element that has significant impact on the reliability. In this dissertation, a composite system in Taiwan serves as an example for illustrating the simulation results attained by the proposed method.
This dissertation also proposes a method for reliability assessment of the protection system for a switchyard by fault-tree analysis considering uncertainty. Availability of an element with uncertainty is expressed with the fuzzy set. The fault-tree analysis incorporating with the fuzzy set is employed to conduct the reliability assessment. Besides, the importance of elements influencing reliability can be achieved by Fuzzy Importance Measure. A 345kV switchyard in the 3rd nuclear power plant in Taiwan serves as an example for illustrating the results of the proposed method.
The proposed methods for reliability assessment of a composite system and switchyard protection system are verified through simulation. Both reliability indices and importance measure indices for components are attained. These outcomes can help enhance the system reliability.

並列關鍵字

Composite System ； Reliability ； Fuzzy Fault Tree ； Protection System for a Switchyard ； Fault Tree Analysis

參考文獻

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