居於樂生院：從隔離醫療空間到一個安老的家

Dwell in Lo-sheng Leprosarium: A Transition from Isolated Medical Space to the Elderly Home

林育如(Yu-Ju Lin)

指導教授 ： 喻肇青

中原大學/設計學院/文化資產研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000107

摘要

自古漢生病患者即被社會嫌惡歧視，更迫使其隔離於療養院所，雖為治療之目的，卻行拘禁之實。離開家鄉來到樂生院的漢生患者開始在此定居生活，依靠相互扶持的情感，打造經營共有的社區，成為生命歸屬的家，於是面對外來的侵占破壞也能無所畏懼，支持參與保留運動，努力捍衛家園。
　　2001年開始的樂生院保留運動，探討關於醫療、人權及古蹟保存等議題，在街頭集結遊行，至政院機關陳情抗議，經過院民長期的堅持奮戰與各界朋友的支持相挺，終於立法院通過〈漢生人權保障及補償條例〉，政府正式向漢生患者道歉，且將樂生院登錄為「歷史建築／文化景觀」，顯示台灣社會對於回復漢生人權與保存樂生院歷史價值的認同。儘管樂生院仍無法抵抗捷運工程破壞而形成孤島，但院民未選擇離開，願意繼續居住生活，在此終老，且與樂生朋友們的持續守護下，樂生家園將被賦予更多元的價值。
本研究探討樂生院民「居」（dwell）於樂生院形成「家」之歷程，及院民面臨環境變化與家園變遷衝突時，他們選擇繼續居住在樂生院的心境；從「居」、「家」到「生命存在」的價值，了解院民不願搬離，堅持捍衛家園的意義。樂生院的保存，使院民擁有一個安老的家，也提供社會學習尊重人與居住土地關係的場域，不再任意剝奪與遷徙「家」的存在，應努力使其長久安居。

關鍵字

安老 ； 居 ； 樂生院 ； 家 ； 保存

並列摘要

Since ancient times, the Hansen’s disease patients have been execrated and discriminated
by the society, and what’s more, forced to stay in the leprosarium, which aims for a medical
treatment, but is actually an act of custody. Started from the period of Japanese occupation,
the Taiwanese leprosy patients left their home to reside in the Lo-sheng leprosarium. They
relied on mutual support to build their shared community and made it their home of life. Thus,
when facing to the invaded outside occupancy and damage, they are able to support and take
part in actions of preserving the Lo-sheng leprosarium to defend their home without any fear.
The issues of medical treatment, human rights and heritage preservation were raised and
argued at the beginning of action for preserving the Lo-sheng leprosarium in 2001. The
leprosarium residents gathered and participated in the protests to express petition to the
government. Through their long and unremitting efforts and wide supports from all circles of
the society, the Legislative Yuan finally approved the “Hansen's Disease Patients Human
Rights Protection and Compensation Act”, and the government made an official apology to
the patients and designated the Lo-sheng leprosarium as “historical buildings and cultural
landscape”. The temperate result had showed the Taiwan society’s recognition in resuming the
human rights for Hansen’s disease patients and preserving the historical value of the Lo-sheng
leprosarium. Although the Lo-sheng leprosarium became an isolated island due to the
invasion of construction of the Mass Rapid Transit project, the leprosarium residents didn’t
leave and were willing to reside there for the rest of their lives. Meanwhile, with the
continuous guarding by all friends, their Lo-sheng homeland will be endowed with more
diverse values.
This research aims at exploring the long process that the Lo-sheng residents “dwell in”
the leprosarium as a “home” and their spiritual condition of choosing to reside continuously in
Lo-sheng when confronting the severe environmental change and conflict. In the meantime, it
is necessary to unfold the significance that the Lo-sheng residents are unwilling to leave and
firmly defend their homeland, based on the life long transformation from “dwelling”, “home”
to the value of the “existence of life”. The preservation of Lo-sheng leprosarium doesn’t only
help to preserve a home for the elderly, but also provide a field for all the society to learn to
respect the relation between the human beings and their residential land, that is, the existence
of a “home” can not be deprived and removed arbitrarily and great efforts should be devoted
to ensure permanent living for its residents.

並列關鍵字

Preservation ； Dwell ； Lo-sheng Sanatorium ； Home ； Elderly

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