奈米孔洞碳材之合成、鑑定及氣體吸附的研究

Synthesis,characterization and gas adsorption of mesoporous carbon

邱建翔(Chien-Hsiang Chiu)

指導教授 ： 鄭吉豐

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100135

摘要

本論文主要探討以酚醛樹脂為碳源，利用不同界面活性劑所合成之高分子聚合物奈米孔洞碳材PNC，再藉以控制界面活性劑與碳源之比例，以找出合成材料的最適條件，來做為氣體吸附方面上的應用。
碳材之表面改質而言，不論是高分子孔洞碳材PNC或奈米規則孔洞碳材OMC約有起始添加量70% Cu、60% Cr左右的金屬進入到碳材孔洞內。在化學吸附方面，本論文所合成出的碳材PNC可有效吸附硫化氫、氨氣及三氯甲烷3種氣體。並與碳材OMC和市售活性碳(AC)做比較。添加混合金屬之樣品對硫化氫有最佳吸附效果，推論原因為硫化氫與金屬離子及TEDA有著強交互作用力，可產生強吸附。氨氣吸附量，PNC碳材＞OMC碳材＞活性碳AC，以改質後含羧基之碳材PNC-NS，對其有最佳吸附效果。在吸附三氯甲烷中，PNC和OMC碳材吸附量約為AC的十倍，這2種碳材表面皆為疏水性，三氯甲烷亦為疏水性，且其大表面積為此有機物吸附量的重要因素。
在揮發性有機物之吸附方面，用正戊烷，正己烷和甲醇這3種有機物作為氣體來源，PNC,OMC,SBA-15 和AC這4種材料作為吸附劑，在293K環境下作氣體吸附實驗。不同吸附質而言，PNC和OMC碳材皆為非極性，正戊烷和正己烷亦為非極性，因此碳材可有效吸附此2種烷類。不同吸附劑而言，4種吸附劑對2種烷類其最大吸附量為PNC＞OMC＞SBA-15＞AC。吸附量與其孔體積作圖幾乎成正比，由此可知，孔體積越大，吸附量就越大。

關鍵字

奈米孔洞碳材 ； 氣體吸附 ； 揮發性有機物

並列摘要

In this study, resol (phenol/formaldehyde) was used as precursor with different surfactants (P123 and F127) to synthesize the nanoporous carbon polymer material (PNC). Optimization was done by controlling the concentration of surfactants and the carbon source.
Surface modification of carbon materials, either nanoporous carbon (PNC) or ordered mesoporous carbon materials (OMC) was conducted by introduction of copper metal (Cu), chromium metal (Cr), mixed metals (Cu and Cr) and organic compound (TEDA) into the pores of carbon materials. These surface modified materials chemically adsorbed three gasses namely hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3) and chloroform (CHCl3).
The chemisorptions of the three gasses (H2S, NH3, CHCl3) with different adsorbents gave the following adsorption capacity PNC>OMC>AC. Although the carbon materials impregnated by mixed metals gave a stronger adsorption as compared to those impregnated with single metal, carbon materials with organic molecule (TEDA) showed the highest adsorption capacity for hydrogen sulfide adsorption. However, in chloroform adsorption, PNC and OMC carbon materials were about ten times the adsorption of AC. These can be attributed to the hydrophobic surfaces which attracted the chloroform which is also hydrophobic. The adsorbents have high surface areas which is very important factor in the adsorption of this organic compound. In addition, modified carbon materials containing carboxyl PNC-NS gave the best adsorption as compared to the rest of surfaced modiefied carbon materials for ammonia adsorption.
Adsorption equilibria of VOCs (n-pentane, n-hexane and methanol) on nanoporous carbon were obtained. For comparison purposes, four adsorbent materials (PNC, OMC, SBA-15 and AC) were used to investigate the adsorption. PNC and OMC gave strong adsorption with n-pentane and n-hexane due to the non-polarity of both adsorbents and adsorbates. For two alkanes maximum adsorption capacity of the four adsorbents was PNC>OMC>SBA-15>AC. Adsorption capacity is almost proportional to its pore volume.

並列關鍵字

Gas adsorption ； Mesoporous carbon ； Volatile organic compounds

參考文獻

31 揮發性有機物空氣污染管制及排放標準

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