- 學位論文
我國不動產信託登記理論與實務之研究
A study of real estate trust registration in Taiwan
摘要
摘 要 世界各國之不動產登記制度可歸納為契據登記制及權利登記制兩大類，各該制度有何特點？兩者有何異同？我國不動產登記制度有何特色？應歸類為何種登記制度？其主要內容為何？又不動產信託登記究何所指？其在土地法及土地登記規則的相關規定為何？此為本論文首應探究者。 其次探討我國現行契約信託法制的主要內容，諸如契約信託成立要件、信託目的、委託人、受託人、受益人、歸屬權利人、信託監察人、信託財產之特性、信託主體及客體之變更及信託之消滅等等，接續瞭解信託財產如為不動產，則上述信託法制之主要內涵，各與不動產信託登記發生如何之關係，例如契約信託反應在不動產登記上，在成立時要辦理何種登記？為了確保信託目之實現，信託財產為何須具有獨立性？又由於信託財產具有獨立性，為保障交易安全，其正當性基礎在於對外要有公示方法，不動產之公示方法為何？依信託法第1條規定，要辦理何種登記？依信託法第4條第1項規定，要辦理何種登記？法律效果為何？與第1條之移轉或設定登記是否相同？土地法是否有所規定？目前地政機關如何辦理信託登記？在信託期間，如信託主體或客體有變更時，須辦理何種信託登記？信託關係消滅時，信託財產如何處置？須辦理何種信託登記？凡此信託法制反應在不動產登記上之問題，亦是本文探討之重點。 最後，信託法制落實於現行之信託登記制度，在理論與實務上發生了那些問題，如地政機關有無權限辦理信託登記、信託公契應否實質審查、信託專簿應否廢除及其他有關不動信託登記等十三項問題，本文將逐一加以討論，並提出淺見，以作為改進不動產信託登記制度之參考。 綜合上述研究心得，提出具體建議，諸如提出修改相關法規之修正建議及實務上之改進作法。
並列摘要
Abstract Worldwide real estate registration system can be categorized into “System of registration of deeds” and “System of registration of title.” What characteristics of each system have? What are the similarities and differences of both? What are the specialties about Taiwan’s real estate registration system? What registration system should Taiwan’s system be classified as? What is its primary coverage? What does real estate trust registration refer to?This thesis firstly will research on the relevant provisions of land law and land registration regulations. Secondly, we will discuss the major coverage of our current contractual trust code such as the primary term of the trust contract, the purpose of the trust, settler (trustor)，trustee，beneficiary，remainderman， protector， the characteristics of trust property, modification of the trust’s subject and object, termination of trust and so on. Moreover, if the trust property is real estate, how does trust code’s major coverage mentioned above relate to the real estate trust registration?For example, to reflect a contractual trust in the real estate registration, what kind of registration is applied in the creation of trust? In order to ensure the purpose of the trust to be achieved, why trust property should be separated from the trustee personal property?In addition, because of the independence of trust property, to secure the transaction safety, its validity basis relays on publicity method. What are the publicity methods for the real estate?What kind of registration is applied according to the trust law, Article 1? What kind of registration is applied according to the trust law, Article 4, paragraph 1? And what is its legal effect? Is the effect the same as transfer or creation registration in Article 1?Does land law list any regulations? How does land office register trust registration currently? What kind of trust registration should be applied when the subject and object of trust is modified in the duration of trust? How do we dispose trust property and what kind of trust registration should be applied in case of the termination of trust? All of those questions of trust code occurred in the real estate registration are the focus of this thesis as well. Finally, what kind of issues will be happened theoretically and practically when we implement the trust code in the present trust registration system. For example, is the land office has the authority to register trust registration. Should the trust contract have a substantive examination.Should the special trust roll be abolished.This thesis will discuss the other 13 major problems of the real estate trust registration in details and propose opinions to be the reference of improving the real estate trust registration system. I summarize my research work and take a further step to address suggestions regarding the amendments of the relevant laws and regulations and the improvements in the practice.