以二氧化矽改質型天然黏土應用於光固化壓克力奈米複材之製備與性質探討

Synthesis and Photocuring Acrylate Resin Nanocomposites with Silica Modified Montmorillinites

陳治文(Chih-Wen Chen)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/奈米科技碩士學位學程/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200788

摘要

本研究藉由有機化改質天然無機層狀材料再將其添加於有機/無機奈米混成，製備出壓克力樹脂/二氧化矽改質天然黏土的奈米級複合材料，改善壓克力樹脂材料特性，包括光學性質、機械強度等等。本實驗將天然無機層狀材料以界面活性劑改質以及溶膠凝膠法進行改質，並製備成五種不同的有機官能化改質型天然無機層狀材料，進而與感光性壓克力單體反應生成壓克力樹脂/天然黏土奈米複材。
利用廣角X光繞射分析儀(Wide angle Diffraction instrument, WAXRD)檢測發現經由改質製程改質型天然黏土其層間距皆有所增加，以傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(Fourier Transsfrom Infrared, FT-IR)鑑定其改質型黏土之官能基，加以證實改質劑確實存在黏土層間並使其官能化。以掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electric Microscope)證實二氧化矽存在於於黏土層間，並觀察其粒徑大小及二氧化矽所生成的型態。而後再將之加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯(methyl methacrylate, MMA)高分子單體當中，測試有機官能化後的黏土在單體溶液中之膨潤度。最後以高解析度熱重分析儀(High Resolution Gravimetric Analyzers, HRTGA)檢測並計算界面活性劑於官能基化改質型黏土中的含量。並將之與光固化壓克力樹脂製備成奈米複合塗料，以廣角X光繞射儀初步判定不同奈米複合塗料分散性，其圖譜皆未發現黏土之特徵峰，將Acrylate/CL120-SiO2-3%、Acrylate/CL120-K2(0.5)-SiO2-3%、Acrylate/CL120 -K2-SiO2-3%、Acrylate/CL120-SiO2-K2-3%利用穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Eletron Microscope, TEM)觀察，其複合材料的分散型態會隨著界面活性劑的多寡而產生不同的分散型態，而以Acrylate/CL120-SiO2-K2-3%其分散性最好，其分散型態為脫層。以紫外光-可見光圖譜分析儀(Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, UV-visible)檢測肉眼最為敏感之550 nm波長之可見光穿透度可發現其塗膜穿透度皆維持在87%以上，再以光澤度計檢測其塗膜光澤度可以發現添加奈米黏土後光澤度並不會產生大幅的下降。物理性質部分:添加有機官能化黏土可以使塗料鉛筆硬度提升2~3個級數，增加其耐磨耗性質，最多可以提升77%左右，並且改善與高分子基材的附著度。而在熱性質方面以熱重分析儀檢測其複材的熱裂解溫度可以發現在Acrylate/CL120-SiO2-K2-3%從原本的376℃提升至402℃，其熱裂解溫度提升了28℃。
由以上數據顯示以奈米黏土混成於光固化壓克力樹脂中，可以有效提升塗料的表面硬度、附著度、耐磨耗、光學穿透度、光澤度、以及耐熱性的特性。

關鍵字

天然黏土 ； 二氧化矽 ； 壓克力

並列摘要

In This study, photocuring acrylate resin nanocomposites were prepared by mixing the modified clay and monomer, before photo polymerization of resin. acrylate/Clay nanocomposites show enhanced physical, mechanical and chemistry properties when compared to pure resin. This study is applied the different of modified clays to prepare nanocomposites.
The modified clay was characterized by wide angle X-rays diffraction (WAXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). From those analysis , the d-spacing of modified clay is increased and modified agent exist in the d-spacing of modified clay. Finally, dispersion morphology of silica is confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The Acrylate/clay nanocomposites were prepared by photopolymerization method. The WAXRD and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques were employed to study the morphology of Acrylate/clay nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were measured by abrasion testing machine and pencil hardness. Finally the optical properties were mearured by UV-visible spectroscopy(UV-Visible) and portable gloss meter.

並列關鍵字

acrylate ； clay ； Silica

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