混合式風力發電最大功率點追蹤控制

本論文主旨在架構一混合式風力發電之最大功率追蹤控制系統，結合風力發電系統與蓄電池互補能量來達到穩定電源輸出。首先針對風力發電機系統設計一轉速估測器(Observer)，利用轉速估測值計算出最大功率參考電流後，再透過控制升壓轉換器開關切換進行系統之最大功率追蹤(MPPT)。本文將利用超螺旋滑模估測(super-twisting sliding mode observer)與二階滑模估測(second-order sliding mode observer)理論設計轉速估測器，並保證有限時間誤差收斂特性。在求得風力發電機之準確轉速後，即可由轉速與最大功率點關係式求得一風機最大功率之輸出參考電流值，透過滑模控制器控制一升壓轉換器來使風機穩定操作於最大功率點上。而混合式架構部分則由蓄電池組經由升壓轉換器並聯直流匯流排達成，將可供負載端穩定輸出以補足風力系統能量不足。為驗證估測器與控制器之可行性，利用Matlab軟體模擬其性能，硬體部分利用風力發電模擬平台與升壓轉換電路進行實驗，並輔以dSPACE DS1103數位訊號處理器建構Simulink方塊來實現估測器與控制器。

關鍵字

二階滑模估測器；滑模控制器；風力發電系統；升壓轉換器；超螺旋滑模估測器

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to design a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for wind power generation systems in a hybrid energy structure. First, a rotor speed estimation is designed for the wind power generation system for speed sensorless MPPT control. Then, based on the estimated generator speed , a reference current for maximum power point operation is obtained. Accordingly, a boost converter along with sliding mode current controller is used for the MPPT. In detail, the super-twisting sliding mode observer and the second-order sliding mode observer are designed for generator speed estimation. The two observers assure finite-time convergent stability. As a result, the reference current of the maximum power point can be determined on-line. For the MPPT, the sliding mode current controller is developed for the boost converter which is parallel with the other boost converter from battery source. In the hybrid energy structure, the wind power system is always assured in the maximum power operation while the battery source will compensate the lacked power. To verify the validty of the developed system, the simulations and experiments are done by Matlab software and dSPACE DS1103 DSP card. Finally, some comparisons are performed in this thesis.

並列關鍵字

Second-order Sliding Mode Observer ； Wind Power Generation System ； Boost Converter ； Super-wisting Sliding Mode Observer

參考文獻

[38] 林羿德，”太陽能市電併聯型變流器之終端滑模最大功率追蹤控制”，私立中原大學電機工程學系碩士論文，民國100年。

[39] 古展宇，” 終端滑模控制在太陽能最大功率追蹤之研究”，私立中原大學電機工程學系碩士論文，民國98年。

[3] Haiyan L, Yanli K, Chuanglin F and Maoxun L,” Wind energy resources exploitation and large-scale, non-grid-connection wind-powered industrial bases, construction in China Northwest Territories ,“ IEEE World Non-Grid-Connected Wind Power and Energy Conference, pp. 1-5, Sept 2009.

[4] Ying Z and Hongyan L,” Evaluation on comprehensive benefit of wind power generation and utilization of wind energy, “ IEEE Software Engineering and Service Science, pp. 635-638, June 2012.

[5] Zheng C, Xiangning X, Haitao W and Mengwei L,” Analysis of converter topological structure for direct-drive wind power system with PMSG ,“ IEEE Power System Technology, pp. 1-5, Oct 2010.

國際替代計量

混合式風力發電最大功率點追蹤控制

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