不同色溫度與照明方式對辦公者工作時主觀評價的影響

Influence of Different Color Temperatures and Illumination Methods on Office Workers’ Subjective Evaluations

謝宛玲(Wan-Ling Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 謝明燁

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201300510

摘要

由於經濟景氣循環快速且不穩定，造成社會大眾各行各業身心壓力逐漸上升，現代人有將近八九成都長時間於室內工作，人工照明的光刺激對現代人的生、心理影響已成為不得不重視的課題之一。因此一個適合工作或學習的照明環境，究竟該具備什麼樣的條件，一直是長久以來許多學者關心的方向。目前在照明上對於照度與色溫度搭配的主流參考準則仍多根據Kruithof所發現的理論。近年來，許多研究者重新探討了色溫度的影響，然而，目前關於色溫度與心理評價的研究，多有不夠貼近真實現況的弱點存在，因此，本研究以貼近真實現況的實驗設定針對5種不同的室內照明環境下進行長時間作業行為的前、中、後，各時間點的舒適度、眩光程度、整體滿意度、緊張感、壓力程度、疲倦感、活力、疲勞與緊張等9項指標的評價做了基礎性的探討。

研究結果指出：
(1) 平均照度1500lx的全般照明環境下，選用4000K的色溫度，較能使辦公者長時間保持活力。
(2) 平均照度75lx的間接照明環境，能使辦公者的情緒較為放鬆不緊張，此照明環境多項心理指標都偏好的面向，且最受好評。
(3) 在長時間作業下，照度1500lx、75lx搭配不同色溫度不影響辦公者的舒適感、眩光程度、整體滿意度、壓力程度、疲倦感等心理評價，五種照明環境的評價大多落在中間值偏正向的一面。換言之，同一照度搭配不同的色溫度並不明顯的影響辦公者長時間的心理評價。與Kruithof所提出的高照度應搭配高色溫，低照度搭配低色溫，最適合人在照明上使用的理論有所不同，因此Kruithof理論的正確性值得再討論。

關鍵字

色溫度 ； 照明 ； 評價 ； 心理

並列摘要

The fast-paced and turbulent economy gradually increases the physical and mental stress on people from different sectors of society. Moreover, 80-90% of modern people spend a long period of time working indoors. The impact that photic stimulation from artificial lighting has on the physiological and psychological health of modern people has thus become one of the most non-negligible issues. Many scholars have long been concerned about the conditions required for a lighting environment suitable for work or study. Most of the current mainstream lighting standards are still based on Kruithof’s theories in terms of the arrangements between illumination and color temperature. In recent years, a number of researchers have reinvestigated the influence of color temperature, but many of the existing studies on color temperature and psychological evaluation have the weakness of being unable to reflect the actual conditions at present. As a result, this study adopted the experiment settings that were similar to reality, and conducted a basic investigation on workers’ evaluation of nine indices, including comfort, the degree of glare, overall satisfaction, anxiety, the degree of pressure, fatigue, vitality, tiredness and apprehension, before, during and after working for a long period of time in five different indoor lighting environments.

The research findings revealed that:
(1) At an average illumination level of 1500lx when general ambient lighting was provided, the color temperature of 4000K was more likely to maintain the vitality of office workers for a long period of time.
(2) At an average illumination level of 75lx when indirect lighting was adopted, office workers felt more relaxed and less anxious, and many of the psychology indices showed a positive tendency. This lighting environment received the most affirmative feedback.
(3) In the case of long periods of work, different color temperatures at the illumination level of 1500lx or 75lx exhibited no influence on the evaluations of comfort, degree of glare, overall satisfaction, degree of pressure and fatigue among the office workers. Most of the evaluation values for the five lighting environments fell into the middle range with a positive tendency. In other words, different color temperatures did not have a significant influence on office workers’ physiological evaluations after a long period of time when the illumination level remained unchanged. This finding contradicts the notion of Kruithof, who suggested that higher color temperature lighting should be used in a more luminous space, and lower color temperature lighting should be used in a less luminous space. Therefore, the validity of Kruithof’s theories needs further investigations.

並列關鍵字

Color temperature ； Lighting ； Evaluation ； Psychology

參考文獻

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