以雙螺桿製程開發石墨烯/聚烯烴奈米複材之性質探討

Study on the Preparation and Characterization of Graphene / Polyolefin by Twin Screw Process

李欣錞(Hsin-Chun Li)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/奈米科技碩士學位學程/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400734

摘要

本研究選用石墨烯(Graphene) 與天然純化蒙脫土(Clay)兩種層狀材料，並以有機改質劑對石墨烯進行表面改質後再插層至黏土層間。最後分別將石墨烯及插層至黏土層間的石墨烯(改質型黏土)，利用微型雙螺桿熔融試驗機與市售之聚乙烯與聚丙烯製備成聚烯烴奈米複合材料，並分別以熱壓方式製備成薄膜與以微型射出機製備成試片對各項性質進行評估。
　　結果顯示，添加石墨烯之聚乙烯奈米複合材料之最大熱裂解溫度可以提升至414.8 °C；拉伸性質至少可提升20.3 %；難燃性質方面，LOI最高可由18提升至23。添加改質型黏土之聚乙烯奈米複合材料之最大熱裂解溫度可以提升至437.7 °C；機械性質至少可提升32 %；難燃性質方面，LOI最高可由18提升至22，圓錐測量儀測試結果引燃時間可延緩29.4秒；耐老化性質方面，儲存模數之降低程度可由原本的10 %降低至4 %。
　　添加石墨烯之聚丙烯奈米複合材料之最大熱裂解溫度可以提升至377.0 °C；機械性質降低4.5 %；難燃性質方面，最高由19提升至23。添加改質型黏土之聚丙烯奈米複合材料之最大熱裂解溫度可以提升至371.4 °C；機械性質至少可提升3.3 %；難燃性質方面，LOI最高可由19提升至24；耐老化性質方面，儲存模數之降低程度可由原本的23 %降低至11 %。

關鍵字

聚烯烴高分子 ； 熔融混鍊法 ； 奈米複合材料 ； 改質型黏土 ； 有機化石墨烯

並列摘要

Polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites, which were contained with organic modified graphene and modified clays, intercalated with organic modified graphene between the gallery of clay layers, were prepared by using twin screw micro-compounder. These PE and PP are commercial available. These nanocomposites could be made as thin film, tensile standard specimen, and LOI standard specimen of polymer nanocomposites by means of hot press method and micro-injection machine.
　　In PE nanocomposites, the Tmax and tensile stress were increased to 414.8 °C, and 20.3 %, respectively. In flame retardant property test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) was improved from 18 to 23 as the graphene sheets were added. Notably, the physical properties of PE nanocomposites, introduced modified clay, were improved significantly: Tmax and tensile stress were increased to 437.7 °C, and 32 %, respectively. In flame retardant property test, LOI was improved from 18 to 22 as the graphene intercalated in the modified clays were added. The UV resistance for the weather durable was reduced from 10 % to 4 %.
　　In PP nanocomposites, contained only commercial graphene, the Tmax was increased to 377.0 °C and LOI was improved from 19 to 23 in flame retardant test. However, the tensile stress of PP nanocomposite was reduced 4.5 %. By adding modified clay to the PP matrix, the properties of Tmax and tensile stress were enhanced to 371.4°C and 3.3 %, respectively. In flame retardant property test, LOI was improved from 19 to 24. The UV resistance for the weather durable was reduced from 23 % to 11 %.in flame test.

並列關鍵字

melt blending ； polyolefin polymers ； organic modified graphene ； modified clay ； and nanocomposite

參考文獻

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