In order to achieve high data rate transmissions for wireless broadband services from fast-growing mobile users, carrier aggregation (CA) has been proposed as a key feature of the 4G LTE-Advanced systems. This article first introduce contiguous and non-contiguous CA techniques, followed by propagation path loss, doppler frequency shift, coherence time, two data aggregation schemes in physical and medium access control layers and frequency-selective fading channel. Some technical challenges as asymmetric carrier aggregation, control signaling design and handover control are discussed. Simulation results shows bit error rate and signal to noise ratio for carrier aggregation in frequency-selective fading channels, flat fading channels and gaussian channels.