雙邊油磁混合式動壓軸承低轉速特性研究

The Characteristics Study of Bilateral Oil Magnetic Hybrid Hydrodynamic Bearings Rotor System in Low Speed

張家綸(Chia-Lun Chang)

指導教授 ： 范憶華

中原大學/工學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400920

摘要

在轉動機械內，主軸須使用軸承作為支撐系統。其中流體動壓軸承因有極低的噪音、較高之精度、抗震能力強與壽命較長及適合用於長時間運轉等優點，常在大負載狀況或連續運轉狀況下被選擇使用。但流體動壓軸承於啟動及低速運轉期間軸承承載性能較差，易因乾磨擦現象造成軸承與軸頸之磨損。因此本研究為改良動壓軸承此部份之缺點，外加一被動式磁浮軸承，成為一油磁混合式動壓軸承，使其在啟動及低轉速也能維持一定之油膜厚度，避免產生乾磨擦現象以增加流體動壓軸承之使用度。
本研究針對流體動壓軸承進行研究改良，透過永久磁鐵所提供磁力支承主軸，消除流體動壓軸承主軸在啟動及低轉速時承載力不足所造成的摩擦現象，以提高軸承壽命。首先提出數種不同之永久磁鐵組合型式進行磁場模擬分析，研究磁鐵位置變化對磁力之影響，並針對被動式磁浮軸承之表現，提出一適用之油磁混合式動壓軸承設計建議。此混合式軸承在停機與低速運轉時仍能提供一懸浮力使軸頸與軸承間保持一微小間隙，因此不會有乾磨擦現象，進而提高了軸承之壽命。

關鍵字

油磁混合式動壓軸承 ； 流體動壓軸承 ； 被動式磁浮軸承

並列摘要

The spindles need to use the bearings to suspense the rotor in the rotating machines. In these bearing systems, the fluid hydrodynamic bearings with low noise, high precision, low vibration, long lifetime, and suitable running in the long time operation are more commonly be used in the heavy load system or the long time operation systems.The load capacity of the fluid hydrodynamic bearings as starting or operating at low speed are very small. The phenomenon of dry rub in the bearing and journal will occur and would damage the rotor system. Therefore, in this study, we wish to propose a passive magnetic bearing to combine with the fluid hydrodynamic bearings to improve the drawback to make the magnet-fluid hybrid hydrodynamic bearings could maintain better characteristics as the rotor system is starting or operating at low speed.
In this study, the goal is to improve the load capacity of the fluid hydrodynamic bearings by an auxiliary magnetic force from the permanent magnets to promote the lifetime of bearings. Several combination types of the permanent magnets were proposed. By simulation analysis of the magnetic field, the relationship of magnetic forces and positions of magnets can be calculated. Then we can design a suitable passive magnetic bearing on hydrodynamic bearing to be a hybrid bearing to support the rotor. The hybrid bearing can provide magnetic forces to support the spindle suspending in the hydrodynamic bearing with a little gapes. It will make the rotor and the stator would not contact as they are not running or at a low running speed. Thus there have no dry friction in the bearing and the lifetime of the bearing will be promoted.
Keywords: Fluid Hydrodynamic Bearings, Passive Magnetic Bearing, Magnet-Fluid Hybrid Hydrodynamic Bearings.

並列關鍵字

Fluid Hydrodynamic Bearings ； Magnet-Fluid Hybrid Hydrodynamic Bearings ； Passive Magnetic Bearing

參考文獻

26.劉博文，人字型凹槽流體軸承之剛性估測，中原大學，碩士，2002

29.王滄毅，磁浮軸承轉子系統之模糊偏心補償控制研究，中原大學碩士論文，2006。

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