螢光金奈米團簇於磷酸鈣微脂體包覆之物性初探

台灣男性口腔癌 (oral cancer) 發生率與死亡率為十大癌症排名中第四高之癌症，為常見的癌症種類。光動力治療 (photodynamic therapy) 在癌症治療方式中屬非侵入性治療，具有反覆治療與無明顯副作用的特性，可用於替代化學治療與放射線治療等副作用較多之治療方式。為提升光動力治療效率，可經由組合化學治療、放射線治療及基因治療以相異作用途徑的組合治療，或是改變運送模式以提高藥物累積效率，使得藥物有效劑量降低而減低副作用生成。螢光金奈米團簇 (fluorescence gold nanoclusters, FGNC) 為奈米等級螢光物質，無細胞毒性與選擇性多元的激發光波長，使得在生物檢測影像系統的發展上具有發展潛力之物質。為探討提升光動力對於口腔癌之治療與改善口腔癌診斷方式，本研究以文獻回顧探討光動力治療與他種治療之組合治療於口腔癌治療的效益，另外在診斷口腔癌方面上，以脂質磷酸鈣 II (lipid- calcium-phosphate II, LCP II) 運送系統包覆螢光金奈米團簇之螢光物質，檢測脂質磷酸鈣包覆螢光金奈米團簇之螢光與顆粒特性，以初步探討脂質磷酸鈣運送系統結合螢光金奈米團簇應用於診斷之可能性。結果顯示光動力治療在組合化學治療的研究成果中，共在15種癌症、29株癌細胞株抑制生長試驗中抑制比例有顯著提升，並在動物模式中亦驗證了組合治療能有效抑制腫瘤生長，進而減低藥物劑量並提升治療時動物存活率，放射線治療、基因治療亦有顯著提升光動力治療效率，運送模式的改變下能有效率的累積藥物使得劑量減低，有助於減少副作用的生成，並在具抗藥性的細胞株中可透過組合治療之方式減低具抗藥性的細胞對於藥物之反應。脂質磷酸鈣包覆螢光金奈米團簇時，在濃度40 μM下脂質磷酸鈣之螢光光譜圖與螢光金奈米團簇有顯著差異，在脂質磷酸鈣的包覆下螢光強度下降達顯著差異 (p < 0.05)，在穿透式電子顯微鏡的觀察中其粒徑分布範圍為10–500 nm，將穿透式電子顯微鏡檢測之結果與脂質磷酸鈣及螢光金奈米團簇相比，其在顆粒形狀與大小皆有明顯的差異。此試驗結果顯示在脂質磷酸鈣包覆螢光金奈米團簇之過程需改變螢光金奈米團簇添加之方式，以增進螢光金奈米團簇包覆之效率並改善脂質磷酸鈣於包覆螢光金奈米團簇時鈣磷核心生成之結果。

關鍵字

磷酸鈣微脂體 II ；螢光金奈米團簇

並列摘要

Oral cancer ranks as fourth most prevalent cancer in Taiwan, especially in male. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used repeatedly without obvious side effects due to its non-invasive features. It is considered as an alternative therapy for curing oral cancer. It is usually combined with other therapy to improve its efficacy. Different curing principles may work synergistically. Another way to enhance its therapeutic efficiency is to have a better transport vehicle that would raise the accumulation efficiency at a reduced drug dose. Lower dosage would give fewer side effects. Fluorescent gold nano cluster (FGNC) is nano sized fluorescent material built based on nanotechnology. FGNC has no observed cytotoxicity and wild excitation wavelength thus a potential material for image system diagnosis. In this primary study we tried to combine FGNC with lipid-calcium-phosphate II (LCP II) delivery system to build a potential diagnosis tool for oral cancer. On combination therapy article review, former research already proved that chemotherapy combined with PDT can induce therapeutic efficiency on fifteen types of cancer with twenty-nine cell lines in vivo and proved the combination therapy was effective to inhibit tumor growth. Radiation therapy, gene therapy and changing transport model also proved that it can enhance the efficacy of PDT both in vitro and in vivo. Combination therapy is also an alternative strategy to cure drug-resistant cell lines after treatment. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in fluorescence intensity between FGNC and LCP II loaded with FGNC at the same concentration of 40 μM. Transmission electron microscope images reveal a non-spherical shape with a particle size ranging from 10 to 500 nm for LCP II-FGNC, which is different from LCP II and FGNC as a separate nanoparticle. The result suggests modifying the standard protocol to encapsulate FGNC with LCP II to enhance the encapsulation resulting to a better particle size and shape.

並列關鍵字

Lipid-Calcium-Phosphate II ； Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters

參考文獻

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螢光金奈米團簇於磷酸鈣微脂體包覆之物性初探

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