考量成本與碳排放交易下建構筆記型電腦之全球生產配置最佳化

Optimization of Global Production Allocation of Notebook Computer with Consideration of Cost and Carbon Trading

吳如情(Ju-Ching Wu)

指導教授 ： 饒忻

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201500124

摘要

全球暖化問題日益嚴峻，劇烈的氣候變遷持續影響著環境的生態和人類的生活。暖化之議題日益受到政府及消費者的重視，使得企業開始關心當製造及運輸過程中對環境所造成之影響。為了有效控制溫室氣體排放，減緩全球氣候的變遷，京都議定書規範各國在溫室氣體減量的責任，所管制的六項氣體中又以二氧化碳的排放量最多。目前，大多數之國家對於企業製造產品所產生之碳排放量並未加以課稅；然而一旦實施，則會算入成本之考量中，也會影響到供應鏈中之生產配置。
本研究探討筆記型電腦廠商在各國實施碳排放交易政策下，考量供應鏈網路各生產成本、運輸成本及其碳排放量所引發的成本，建構全球生產配置最佳化之模式。本研究假設為滿足目標顧客同時在美洲、歐洲及亞洲之需求下，探討其相關零組件生產廠、組裝廠、物流配銷中心之筆記型電腦生產供應鏈網路模式。利用混整數規劃之數學模式，對於筆記型電腦供應鏈之成本及碳排放交易成本，進行三種情境探討，分別為僅考慮成本、考慮成本與碳排放交易、考慮成本與碳排放交易及運輸碳排放交易。相信本研究可對各國未來實行碳排放交易之方案，提供企業在實施全球最適生產地點配置時之參考。

關鍵字

供應鏈網路 ； 筆記型電腦 ； 碳交易 ； 全球生產配置

並列摘要

Global warming related issues have caught much attention by the governments and consumers recently. These include the impact of climate change around the world, which is getting worst and causing many dangerous problems for human and living things. The global warming issues result in the concerns of enterprises by studying the effects of manufacturing processes and transportation on the environment. In order to control greenhouse gas emissions and then to slow down the global warming, Kyoto Protocol has been proposed for the purposes. It clearly specifies the responsibility of its member countries to reduce six greenhouse gases emissions. Among them, the amount of carbon emission contributes the most. Nowadays most countries do not charge carbon emissions generated by manufacturing processes and transportation of products; however, once it happens, it will increase the product cost and change global production allocation.
This study develops an optimal global production allocation model for a notebook computer manufacturer with and without consideration of carbon trading, which includes production cost, transportation cost, and carbon trading cost induced by their carbon emissions. In this study, we assume that the target customers located in American, European, and Asian continents to explore their production allocation of component manufacturers, product assemblers, and distribution centers in the supply chain network. This study develops a mixed integer programming mathematical model for the following three scenarios: (1) only considering cost, (2) considering cost and carbon trading and (3) cost, carbon trading and transportation carbon trading in order to discuss and compare the optimal solutions with their production allocations for the supply chain of notebook computer. We believe that the result of this study can be served as a reference for those governments and enterprises to execute carbon trading for global production allocation.

並列關鍵字

Carbon trading ； Notebook computer ； Supply chain network ； Global production allocation

參考文獻

35.黃薏蓁(2013)，「考量成本與碳稅下建構筆記型電腦之全球生產配置最佳化」，中原大學

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