幼兒園教學空間情境佈置之研究-以蒙特梭利幼兒園為例

一個優質的幼兒學習環境，對於幼兒在學前階段的生活與學習會有深切的影響力，幼兒園的學習環境，從幼兒教育活動、課程設計、空間安排與情境佈置等，都需要相互搭配有一致性。幼兒園是建構學習的黃金期，幼兒對周遭的生活環境與學習內容總是充滿好奇心，試圖讓幼兒們有更全面性的學習，如何讓幼兒快速地融入教學空間的「情境學習」，對老師而言是個重要的課題。近年來政府積極推行「創意教學」，鼓勵老師改變或修正固有的教學模式，發揮創意，以增進學生的開放性學習空間是教育訴求的重點之一。自蒙特梭利（Montessori , 1870-1952）於1907年創立第一所「兒童之家」迄今，蒙特梭利以邁入一個世紀。蒙特梭利引入台灣也有50年歷史，目前國內有不少的幼兒園採用蒙特梭利教育模式，主要強調教育原理和獨特的蒙特梭利教具，其包含預備好的環境之重要性，重視幼兒自主學習和自我教育，幼兒透過專心與重複練習的工作，達成正常化之人格；符合開放教育的精神，有利發展社會行為。本研究希望透過文獻了解蒙特梭利的教育理念、教學方法、學習環境規劃、及情境佈置、家具尺度擺設之相關議題，並針對台北市五所優質蒙特梭利幼兒園教學空間佈置的內容與使用現況做實地調查，並將教學空間規劃原則、預備好的環境原則、家具尺度擺設之論述歸納整理及訪談整合分析出蒙特梭利教學空間情境佈置原則，將原則與個案作比較分析，提出實質的改善與建議，作為往後蒙特梭利幼兒園情境佈置的依據。

關鍵字

家具尺度；蒙特梭利；預備好的環境；教學空間；情境佈置

並列摘要

A good environment of infants’ studying is very intensively influent to the living and learning of children before their preschool stage. For the studying environments of the kindergarten, the infants' educating activities, curriculums designments, space arrangements and the status decorations etc. need to be matched mutually and consistently. The kindergarten is the golden stage to construct the study of children. The children are always curious to their living environments and learning contents surrounding with them. Try to let children have overall studies and how quickly to immerge them into the teaching space (Status Learning), there is a very important task to the teachers. In recent years, the government has progressed (Initiating Teaching) and encouraged teachers to change or modify their existent teaching model for inventing their initiative teaching. Promoting the children for an open space of learning is the main one what we pursue for in the education. Since the Montessori (1870-1952) established their first Kindergarten (The House of Little Children) in 1907 and it's been for a century till now. Montessori has been introduced into Taiwan for more than 50 years. Nowadays, many domestic Kindergartens have adopted Montessori's education model which majorly strengthens the education principle and the exclusive Montessori's Teaching Tools that including the importance of environment preparation, the emphasis of children's self-learning and self-education. Then the children will have the normalized personality through such devoting and repeating works of practices for corresponding to the spirits of opening education and developing social behaviors effectively. This research is wishing to understand the Montessori’s relative subjects such as Education Concept, Teaching Methods, Studying Environments and the Status Decoration and investigating practically the five excellent Kindergartens of Montessori in Taipei for its contents of space decorations and the status of practice. Compare and analyze the inducted papers of the principles of teaching space, prepared environment and the transacted principles of status decoration of Montessori Kindergartens. Submit the improvement and suggestions for being the basement of future status decoration of Montessori Kindergartens.