國民小學學童健康體適能、自我概念與創造力關係之研究： 以桃園縣為例

A Study on the Relationships among Elementary Schools Students’ Physical Fitness, Self-Concept and Creativity： Taoyuan County as an Example.

洪智賢(Chih-Hsien Hung)

指導教授 ： 楊慶麟

中原大學/人文與教育學院/教育研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2013.00120

摘要

本研究旨在探討桃園縣國民小學學童體適能、自我概念與創造力之現況，並分析不同背景變項之差異、相關、預測情形。以桃園縣公立國民小學學童為研究母群，分層隨機抽取22所學校，有效問卷1124份，以「兒童自我概念量表」、與「兒童創造力行為量表」為研究工具實施調查研究，問卷回收1132份，有效問卷1124份，可用率為99.29%。問卷回收以描述性統計、 -test、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關、多元迴歸與階層多元迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。
本研究結果歸納如下：
一、 學童體適能各構面以「肌耐力」構面最高，「心肺耐力」構面相對較低；自我概念各構面以「社會自我」構面平均得分最高，「心理自我」構面平均得分相對較低；創造力各構面以「獨創力」構面平均得分最高，「變通力」構面平均得分相對較低。
二、學童體適能表現在不同學校規模達顯著差異。
三、不同性別、學校位置與學校規模，對自我概念知覺有所差異。
四、創造力表現在不同學校規模達顯著差異。
五、「學童體適能」、「自我概念」與「創造力」之間呈現顯著正相關。
六、「學童體適能」、「自我概念」可解釋「創造力」達59.7%變異量，達顯著水準。

本研究依據上述結果，提出之建議如下：
一、對教育行政機關之建議：
推動全民運動風氣，打造健康國家；培養多元價值，鼓勵求新求變；推動學校社區化，發展學校為社區體育中心。
二、對校長的建議：
支援教學所需，提升校內同仁專業態度與知能；落實體育課程教學，提升學生體適能；舉辦多元競賽，創造學生高峯經驗。
三、對教師的建議：
強化專業能力，主動發展課程；落實課程進行，提升學生競爭力；強化學生信心，鼓勵學生主動參與、主動發言。
四、對未來研究之建議：
（一）可考慮多維度研究方式，獨立探討、交叉比對，或以訪談以釐清真實原因為何。
（二）本研究僅針對桃園縣公立國民小學，可考慮將研究對象擴大，增加研究的廣度。

關鍵字

創造力 ； 國民小學 ； 自我概念 ； 學童體適能

並列摘要

This study investigates the current situation, different background variables effecting, forecast and relationships among students’ physical fitness, self-concept and creativity of Taoyuan County. The stratified radom sampling is used to sample 1132 students form 22 public primary schools. Receiving back 1124 valid ones after the elimination of 8 invalid ones. The valid response rate is 99.29%. All data collected were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics, independent -test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and canonical correlation etc. The conclusions are as follows:
1. The highest dimension of elementary school students’ physical fitness is “muscle endurance”, the lowest dimension is “cardiovascular endurance” ; the highest dimension of self-concept is “social self”, the lowest dimension is “psychological self ”; the highest dimension of creativity is “originality”, the lowest dimension is “flexibility”.
2. Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school students of physical fitness, given the consideration of demographic variations: school scale.
3. Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school students of self-concept, given the consideration of demographic variations: sex, position and school scale.
4. Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school students of creativity, given the consideration of demographic variations: school scale.
5. There is a high positive correlation from elementary school students’ physical fitness, self-concept and creativity.
6. “Students’ physical fitness”, ” Self-concept” regarding the overall “Creativity”, the forecast explained variances 59.7%.
According to the results above, offering suggests as follows:
1. To educational administrations:
On educational and administrative organizations: to lend an impetus to people on sports so as to build up a healthy country; to cultivate multiple values so that to encourage varieties and to identify schools with communities thus where schools can serve a gym centers.
2. To principals:
On school principals: to support needs on teaching and promote professional attitude and skills of colleagues; to implement athletic courses and rise up students' physical fitness; to hold various competition and build up students high-peak experience.
3. To teachers:
On teachers: to strengthen their professionalism and aggressiveness in developing courses; to implement courses and raise students’ competitiveness; to enhance students' confidence and encourage them to be proactive in participating and statement making.
4. To future research:
（1） Through the depth interviews, qualitative research and advanced statistical methods to quantify the results and do more dimensions test for interaction.
（2） Expanding the researching area.

並列關鍵字

self-concept. ； creativity ； elementary school ； elementary school students’ physical fitness

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