塑膠瓶裝水及塑膠容器中溶出雙酚A和烷基酚分析方法之開發

Method Development for the Determination of Dissolved Bisphenol A and Alkylphenols in Bottled Water and Plastic Containers

夏儀芝(Yi-Chih Hsia)

指導教授 ： 葉華光

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900131

摘要

雙酚A(bisphenol A，BPA)及烷基酚(alkylphenols，APs)等這些化學物質，由於在生活環境中普遍存在且不易被分解，已被社會大眾所關切。雙酚A主要被用做聚碳酸酯及環氧樹脂的原料，可用來做嬰兒奶瓶、食物容器內膜等產品。而最常使用的烷基酚則包含了壬基苯酚(nonylphenol，NP)及辛基苯酚(octylphenol，OP)，被廣泛用做界面活性劑、乳化劑及酯類的安定劑。當這些物質被釋放至環境中或用來做包裝材料，食物或是飼料則可能含有這些物質。在一些分析研究報告中指出，雙酚A、壬基苯酚及辛基苯酚具有雌性賀爾蒙的效力並屬於慢毒性化學物質，這些物質藉由不同方法進入食物鏈當中，人類可能藉由攝取被污染的水源或食物而受其危害。
本研究的目的是為了發展出以液相層析串聯直譜儀(liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry，LC/MS/MS)同時檢測塑膠容器水樣中雙酚A、壬基苯酚及辛基苯酚的含量分析方法。利用OASIS○R HLB、60 mg之固相萃取匣進行樣品濃縮及淨化，並確認不同基質濃度之流洗液對待測物之離子化有明顯影響。本方法測得之回收率，雙酚A介於100.9~113.8%，壬基苯酚介於87.0~113.6%，辛基苯酚介於88.4~117.6%。藉由串連質譜多重反應監測模式(MRM)所測得之最低定量下限(limits of quantitation，LOQ)雙酚A為0.52 ng/L，壬基苯酚為0.10 ng/L，而辛基苯酚為0.18 ng/L。在偵測的水樣當中，雙酚A及壬基苯酚被檢測出來，雙酚A的含量介於2.23~69.30 μg/L，壬基苯酚的含量介於0.14~1.84 μg/L，辛基苯酚的含量則皆低於定量下限。

關鍵字

雙酚A ； 烷基酚 ； 液相層析串聯質譜儀

並列摘要

Bisphenol A (BPA) and alkylphenols (APs) have become a public concern due to their massive use, ubiquitous occurrence, and persistency in the environment. BPA is mainly used as a monomer in the preparation of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins which are used in baby bottles, protective coatings on food containers, and so forth. The most commonly used APs are nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) and are widely used as intermediates to produce surfactants and as stabilizers of ethylcellulose resin, oil-soluble phenol resins, and esters. After these compounds are manufactured into packaging materials and subsequently released into the environment, food and feed may contain some of these products. Bioassay studies have identified that BPA, OP, and NP elicited estrogenic potency and chronic toxicity. These compounds enter the food chain in several different ways. In humans, intake of these so- called environmental hormones is mainly via contaminated drinking water and foods.
The purpose of this study is to develop a method based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of BPA, NP, and OP in water from plastic containers. Concentration and clean up of samples are performed on 60 mg OASIS○R HLB solid extraction cartridges. The effects of mobile phases and additives on ionization are assessed. The recoveries range from 100.9 to 113.8% for BPA, 87.0 to 113.6% for NP and 88.4 to 117.6% for OP. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) of the method under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition mode are 0.52, 0.10 and 0.18 ng/L for BPA, NP, and OP, respectively. BPA and NP can be detected in water samples and are at levels ranging from 2.23 to 69.30 μg/L for BPA, 0.14 to 1.84 μg/L for NP. Concentration of OP was below the LOQ.

並列關鍵字

Bisphenol A ； alkylphenols ； LC/MS/MS

參考文獻

17. 行政院環境保護署；毒性化學物質篩選運作管理規劃與用途評析；2003.

7. Soto A.M., Justicia H., Wray J.W.；p-Nonylphenol：an estrogen xenobiotic released from “modified” polystyrene；Environmental Health Perspectives；92；167-173；1991.

8. Lee P.C.；Disruption of male reproductive tract development by administration of xenoestrogen, nonylphenol, to male newborn rats；Endocrine；9；105-111；1998.

16. Laura N. Vandenberg, Russ Hauser, Michele Marcus, Nicolas Olea, Wade V. Welshons；Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA)；Reproductive Toxicology，24，139-177，2007

19. Laws S.C., Caery S. A., Ferrell J.M., Bodman G.J., Cooper R.L.；Estrogenic activity of octylphenol, nonylphenol, bisphenol A and methoxychlor in rats；Toxicological Sciences；54；154-167；2000.