- 學位論文
台鐵列車緊急排班決策模式之研究
Decision Modeling for Railway Emergency Rescheduling － A Case Study on TRA System
摘要
鐵路系統若發生行車事故，將會造成列車的主要延滯，接著影響後續列車的運行，形成延滯的擴散現象，而造成旅客以及鐵路營運人員極大的不便，因此事件發生後的緊急排班作業極為重要。目前台鐵雖然已經發展出電腦化列車排班系統，但是若在災害發生後，需於短時間內對後續受影響列車之排班，仍採取人工方式進行，然而在採用臨時人工調度方式時雖能儘量減少列車的延滯，臨時人工調度所排定之時刻表可能僅為可行解之一，因此，若能透過最佳化之方式於短時間內估算最佳緊急列車排班時刻表，將能有效使系統總延滯降至最低，減少事故所帶來之衝擊。為達到快速且更有效的降低因行車事故所造成之延誤影響之目的，因此本研究建立數學規劃模式並輔以電腦進行列車緊急排班作業，在有限時間內求解出最佳化之臨時列車班表。 本研究針對事故之發生地點、類型、及延時設定情境，並擬定不同之運轉因應策略，以列車延滯時間最小化以及受事故影響乘客之總延滯時間最小化為目標進行求解。研究成果顯示，經由事故分類的歩驟以及先行判斷緊急列車排班策略適用與否，可以幫助緊急排班決策在有限的時間預算內以較快速且較有系統的方法進行列車的臨時調度。本研究成果也可以提供台鐵未來緊急列車排班決策之參考，可於日後加入更多考慮因素並應用於實務工作。
並列摘要
When the accident occurs in the complicated railway system, dispatching or rescheduling operations are crucially important to maintain its service reliability, because a direct delay to trains usually causes the knock-on delay to other trains. Though TRA (Taiwan Railways Administration) have developed a computerized scheduling system for managing accidents, but they are used to deal with the rescheduling process by experience. Unfortunately, this way can only obtain the useable schedule, but not the optimum for any objective achieving. In order to constract and evaluate the practical strategies and develop effective rules, this study utilizes the optimal model with branch-and-bound algorithm to determine the minimum delay time of trains or passengers who are involved by the accident. The research results show that railway accidents classfying and appropriate strategy configuring is helpful to obtain an optimal schedule while the time budget is limited. The results of this research can be used for the analysis of operational strategies for the TRA system,and served as a basic strategic model for further upgrading.