富氧燃燒對甲苯破壞去除效率之影響

The Effect of Oxygen-Enriched Combustion on Destruction and Removal Efficiency of Toluene

郭家佑(Jia-You Guo)

指導教授 ： 錢建嵩

中原大學/工學院/化學工程學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900212

摘要

近年來環保意識抬頭，事業廢棄物之處理是否會造成環境污染已成眾人注目之焦點。台灣地區因地狹人稠，對於不能再利用之事業廢棄物多採焚化法處理，係因焚化處理最能有效達到減積之目的。然而如何有效減量焚化後所殘餘之有害物質，是目前亟需解決的問題。富氧燃燒技術挾其提高整體燃燒溫度、燃燒效率、破壞去除效率、煙氣中二氧化碳濃度與降低煙氣流量之優勢，結合節能與環保效益之優點逐漸被推廣。
本研究係將富氧燃燒技術應用於總高4.6 m、乾舷區內徑0.75 m、燃燒室底面積0.8 m×0.4 m之渦旋式流體化床焚化爐中。混燒甲苯及煤炭以模擬焚化處理含苯環結構之有害事業廢棄物，利用回應曲面法設計一3因子3水準之實驗，探討各操作變數(床溫、二次風風量及二次風氧含量)對乾舷區平均溫度、爐出口煙氣中苯濃度及甲苯苯環結構之破壞去除效率的影響。
研究結果顯示富氧燃燒技術可提高系統之燃燒溫度與破壞苯環結構物。爐出口苯之排放濃度會隨著床溫及二次風氧含量上升而下降，並隨著二次風風量上升而上升。甲苯苯環結構之破壞去除效率則會隨著床溫及二次風氧含量上升而上升，並隨著二次風風量上升而下降。探討本研究中三個操作變數對於爐出口煙氣中苯濃度之影響，床溫為影響效應最大之操作變數，其次為二次風風量，二次風氧含量的影響效應最小。

關鍵字

回應曲面法 ； 破壞去除效率 ； 甲苯 ； 焚化 ； 富氧燃燒

並列摘要

Environmental consciousness resumes in recent years, whether the treatment of the hazardous waste will cause the environmental pollution to become importance. Waste incineration can effectively reduce the quantity of hazardous waste, but how to reduce the emissions of hazardous residual constituents due to incineration have received major concerns. From the viewpoint of energy-saving and environmental protection with the advantages of high combustion temperature, high combustion efficiency, high destruction and removal efficiency and low air pollutants emissions, oxygen-enriched incineration has been promoted.
In this study, it is attempted to employinging oxygen-enriched technique to vortexing fluidized bed incinerator, a 0.4 m × 0.8 m rectangular combustion chamber constructed of freeboard with 0.75 m inside diameter and 4.6 m in height. Co-combustion of toluene and coal used to simulate waste containing aromatic structure. The effects of various parameters (bed temperature, secondary gas flow rate and oxygen concentration of secondary gas) on the concentration of benzene in the flue gas and the destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of benzene structure contain in the toluene will be investigated from the data obtained by using the response surface methodology (RSM).
The experimental results show that the combustion temperature and destruction efficiency of aromatic structure can be increased while oxygen-enriched incineration is employed. The concentration of benzene in the flue gas from the incinerator tends to decrease with increasing bed temperature and with increasing oxygen concentration of secondary gas, and to increase with increasing secondary gas flow rate. The DRE of benzene structure contain in the toluene tends to increase with increasing bed temperature and with increasing oxygen concentration of secondary gas, and to decrease with increasing secondary gas flow rate. Effect test indicates that the bed temperature has the most significant influence on the concentration of benzene in the flue gas.

並列關鍵字

destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) ； response surface methodology (RSM) ； incineration ； Oxygen-enriched combustion ； toluene

參考文獻

Environmental consciousness resumes in recent years, whether the treatment of the hazardous waste will cause the environmental pollution to become importance. Waste incineration can effectively reduce the quantity of hazardous waste, but how to reduce the emissions of hazardous residual constituents due to incineration have received major concerns. From the viewpoint of energy-saving and environmental protection with the advantages of high combustion temperature, high combustion efficiency, high destruction and removal efficiency and low air pollutants emissions, oxygen-enriched incineration has been promoted.

In this study, it is attempted to employinging oxygen-enriched technique to vortexing fluidized bed incinerator, a 0.4 m × 0.8 m rectangular combustion chamber constructed of freeboard with 0.75 m inside diameter and 4.6 m in height. Co-combustion of toluene and coal used to simulate waste containing aromatic structure. The effects of various parameters (bed temperature, secondary gas flow rate and oxygen concentration of secondary gas) on the concentration of benzene in the flue gas and the destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of benzene structure contain in the toluene will be investigated from the data obtained by using the response surface methodology (RSM).

The experimental results show that the combustion temperature and destruction efficiency of aromatic structure can be increased while oxygen-enriched incineration is employed. The concentration of benzene in the flue gas from the incinerator tends to decrease with increasing bed temperature and with increasing oxygen concentration of secondary gas, and to increase with increasing secondary gas flow rate. The DRE of benzene structure contain in the toluene tends to increase with increasing bed temperature and with increasing oxygen concentration of secondary gas, and to decrease with increasing secondary gas flow rate. Effect test indicates that the bed temperature has the most significant influence on the concentration of benzene in the flue gas.