背部護具與背靠對機車駕駛疲勞和舒適感之探討

由於現今社會利用機車做為通勤工具的人口數量達604萬人『行政院主計處 2005』，所以我們可以知道機車對於大部份人而言是一項重要的交通工具，而每天要利用機車的人除了通勤外還有像是購物、休閒娛樂、接送親屬和業務上的使用。相信這些常利用機車當交通工具的人都曾經發生過背部肌肉酸痛，而本研究是想利用EMG和心率變異，來了解受測者背部肌肉的活動情形與其心理與生理上的壓力，再利用不舒適量表來了解受測者發現背部肌肉酸痛的時間長短。本研究共徵募10位受試者，以「自由騎乘」與「實驗室實驗」兩個階段來進行實驗，實驗條件為同時使用背靠與背帶、僅使用背帶、僅使用背靠與皆不使用背靠與背帶四種。分別量測其背直肌之肌電訊號、心率變異和不舒適程度。實驗結果發現，受測者在同時使用背靠和背帶的條件中，在心理與生理上的壓力階明顯的低於其他三種條件，而當騎乘的時間越長時心理與生理上的壓力皆會增加，在不舒適量表方面發現在僅使用背帶此條件下，受測者明顯的較其他條件來的舒適。因此本研究建議，若能在騎乘機車時，給予背部一定的支撐，將會有一定程度降低其不舒適程度與肌肉疲勞和心理與生理方面的壓力。

關鍵字

騎乘機車； EMG ；下背痛；心率變異；肌肉疲勞

並列摘要

According to the survey from Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, R.O.C in 2005, there were about six million and forty thousand people who took motorbike as their main transport to work. Therefore, we could notice that motorbike has become an important form of transport for a lot of people. In addition, other than to work, there are still some other people who use motorbike to go shopping, do some entertainments, pick up families, and go to other places for business affairs. We believe that people who use motorbike as their main transport could suffer from muscular pain on the back. The study is trying to use the Electromyography(EMG) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to comprehend the participants’ action of the back muscles, mental pressure and physical pressure. According to the survey from Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, R.O.C in 2005, there were about six million and forty thousand people who took motorbike as their main transport to work. Therefore, we could notice that motorbike has become an important form of transport for a lot of people. In addition, other than to work, there are still some other people who use motorbike to go shopping, do some entertainments, pick up families, and go to other places for business affairs. We believe that people who use motorbike as their main transport could suffer from muscular pain on the back. The study is trying to use the Electromyography(EMG) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to comprehend the participants’ action of the back muscles, mental pressure and physical pressure. Then, with the use of the uncomfortableness index, we could know more about the exact painful time of the participants. We had enlisted ten people to take part in the experiment. There are two stages, free riding and laboratory experiment, under four conditions, backrest and back-belt, backrest only, back-belt only, and no supporting tool, in the experiment. We measured the EMG, HRV, and uncomfortableness. As a result, we found out that participants’ mental pressure and physical pressure decreased on the condition of using backrest and back-belt simultaneously. The longer the riding time is, the higher the mental pressure and physical pressure are. About the uncomfortableness, we found out that participants felt much more comfortable when using the back-belt only. In conclusion, with a support on the back while riding the motorbike could decrease the uncomfortableness, mental pressure and physical pressure.

並列關鍵字

EMG ； Motorbike ； Low back pain ； Muscle fatigue ； HRV

參考文獻

陳高揚, 郭正典, 駱惠銘，2000，心率變異度：原理與應用，中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌，第十一卷，第二期，頁47-58。

陳雅娟，2001，電子組裝作業工作站設計之探討，私立中原大學碩士學位論文，台灣。

Akselrod, S., Gordon, D., Ubel, F.A., Shannon, D.C., Barger, A.C., & Cohen, R.J. (1981), Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuation : a quantitative probe of beat-to-beat cardiovascular control. Science, vol. 213, no. 10, pp. 220-222.

Andersson, E. A., Oddsson, L.I.E., Grundstrom, H., Nilsson, J., & Thorstensson A. (1996), EMG activities of the quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscles during flexion-relaxation and other motor tasks. Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 392-400.

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背部護具與背靠對機車駕駛疲勞和舒適感之探討

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