設計適合老人認知訓練之生活化數學出題系統

Designing a System to Generate Real-life Mathematic Problems for Older Adults Cognitive Training

曾俊豪(Chun-hao Tseng)

指導教授 ： 賀嘉生

中原大學/工學院/資訊工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900391

摘要

隨著現今社會的醫學發達，使得人的壽命不斷的拉長，老化造成的疾病或生理變化困擾著老人日活作息。其中，伴隨老化而來的認知衰退更是造成老人生活上許多不便的主因，而認知衰退可以透過行為刺激的方式加以改善，許多研究都顯示認知訓練在減緩認知衰退上是有效的，除了能改善受訓練的能力外，更可能轉移到日常生活的相關功能。
使用計算題作訓練可以減緩認知衰退被證實有效後，本論文藉由分析現有數學教材的知識結構與出題規則，來設計一個數學出題方法。此方法可以產生計算題、四則運算與應用題三種類型的數學題目，以提供更多方面的認知訓練。
本論文設計的數學題目出題方法，是利用存於知識結構內的概念與題目樣板產生多變化的題目，有別於傳統方法將整個題目存在儲存元件裡，此方法可以利用最少儲存空間產生最多元的題目，且幾乎不會出現重複的題目。因此利用此數學出題方法所設計的認知訓練系統，因為出題方法的特色，使得出題用的知識結構內容可以依照使用者生活環境做設計，因此能產生與使用者相關的生活化數學題目，讓使用者在做認知訓練時，如同真實生活中遇到的問題一樣。
本論文實驗結果提供了本論文題目受老化影響的關係曲線，這關係曲線可以從使用者作答結果評估相對應的年齡，讓使用者可以隨時掌握自身認知能力的變化，以增加使用認知訓練的動機。而實驗相關數據也說明了認知衰退會有個體性的差異，使得每個人認知衰退程度有很大的差別。

關鍵字

認知訓練 ； 認知療法 ； 認知衰退 ； 數學 ； 日常生活問題 ； 知識結構

並列摘要

Because of medicine advancements in recent years, human life is extended gradually. Disease or physiology change caused by aging impacts the quality of life, real-world function, and social interaction of older adults. In particular, age-related cognitive decline is a main factor that causes older adults inconvenience in the daily life. However, cognitive decline is improved by behavioral stimulating activities (cognitive training). Prior studies have shown that cognitive training is effective for prolonging cognitive decline. It improves not only directly targeted cognitive functions but also daily cognitive functions.
After arithmetic problems for cognitive function improvement is demonstrated, this study designs a mathematic problems generator which uses knowledge structure and generating problems rules according to the analysis of the mathematic textbook in order to train different cognitive functions. This method can generate three type mathematic problems: arithmetic, four fundamental operations of arithmetic, and applied mathematical questions.
The method in this study has two characteristics. First, all problems for cognitive training are not stored in computer in advance. The problems are generated by using knowledge structure and statements immediately. Therefore, it costs less storage space than the traditional method. Second, the concepts in the knowledge structure are designed according to the user’s environment in real life. Hence, the problems generated by the method will relate to the user. When he executes cognitive training, he thinks that problems come about in real life.
The experiment in this study shows the relation between the problems generated by the method and ageing. After finishing some tests, the relation can make the user know the degree of the cognitive function and increasing the interests to do cognitive training. In addition, the data in the experiment alse shows that there is considerable variability across individuals in the environment.

並列關鍵字

Cognitive Training ； Cognitive Decline ； Cognitive Therapy ； Knowledge Structure ； Real-life Problem ； Mathematic

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