人力自行車發電機之研究

本篇論文著墨於以人力方式驅動之自行車發電機的研究。人力方式指的是人類騎自行車時的腳部踩踏行為；而自行車採用目前坊間一般自行車之結構，並無添加特別設計或修改。發電機採用法拉第先生(Faraday Michael, 1791-1867)於1831年發現的電磁感應原理(Faraday’s Law of Induction)，以連續進行轉動運動的裝置，在銅線圈內產生變化磁場，將磁場能量轉換為電場能量，形成可供電器用品使用之電能。本研究提出兩種新穎且具創意人力自行車發電機之設計模組，並分別命名為：「磁鐵三明治設計」(Magnet Sandwich Design)、「線圈三明治設計」(Coil Sandwich Design)。當人的腳部肌肉透過腳踏板與齒輪裝置帶動鏈條，驅使自行車輪胎進行轉動運動之後，輪胎與車體本身會產生相對運動。藉此相對運動之特性，本研究將發電機解構，分為「線圈組」與「磁鐵組」兩部份，並分別針對線圈組與磁鐵組提出兩種新的設計。線圈組依磁路設計原理與「不更改自行車現有架構原則」，提出兩種易實現且具高發電效率之設計模組。磁鐵組則提出以永久強力磁鐵與電磁鐵兩種概念；前者為傳統式設計，具有方便安裝與設計之優點，但卻在使用者不願意再繼續產生電力時，自行車依舊處發電狀態，不便行駛。後者引入控制工程之「回授」(Feedback)觀念，將自行車發電機產生之電力回授至電磁鐵，產生能滿足使用者依照需求或環境情況進而自行控制發電量之優點，並提供無發電模式(Free Mode)，讓使用者能在不需要發電時，免去已安裝之發電機造成騎程耗力之困擾。

關鍵字

自行車發電機；磁路設計；法拉第電磁感應原理

並列摘要

This paper addresses on the research of bicycle electric generators which are powered by human energy. We take advantage of feet energy, one part of human energy, to be the energy source. The bicycles we have are as normal as usual. There will be no any other adjustment for those bicycles which you may want to setup our designs on. In addition, the principle of electric generators we apply to is the Faraday’s Law of Induction, proposed by Faraday Michael(1791-1867) in 1831. A rotating device with magnets can cause time-variant magnetic ﬁeld. Inside a coil, this time-variant magnetic ﬁeld transfers magnetic energy into electric energy, which can satisfy the power requirement of electric devices. In this paper, it proposed two novel and creative design models for electric generators of bicycles. They are named as “Magnet Sandwich Design,” and “Coil Sandwich Design.” When human muscles make the drive chain move, via pedals and gears, the bicycle wheels will take rotation exercise. Meanwhile, there are relatives exercise occurring between wheels and the main body of the bicycle. In the view of this relative exercise, we deconstruct the electric generator device into two parts, i.e. the stator and rotator. In this paper, we proposed two novel designs for the stator and rotator, individually. The stator is the coil device, and the stator is the magnet device. According to the principle of the magnetic circuit design and non-adjustments in bicycles, there are two design models of the stator are proposed, which are easy to implement and superior on efficiency For the rotator, there are two ideas on our magnet device, which are permanent magnets and electromagnets. The former is a traditional design, which is easy to setup and design but inconvenient when riders do not want to produce any electricity. The latter design takes the concept of Feedback from Control Engineering, which means that the electric energy produced by the bicycle electric generator will feedback one part of energy to the electromagnets. The more energy we produced, the more energy we will produce. The riders could control the amount of generated energy according to their requirement and environment. In other words, the design of electromagnets provides a Free mode, which can solve the inconvenience of extra human energy loss when riders do not want to generate electricity.