以界面聚合法合成聚四氟乙烯複合薄膜及其於奈米過濾應用之研究

Study on the Nanofiltration Performances of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Composite Membranes from Interfacial Polymerization

高亞翰(YA-HAN KAO)

指導教授 ： 劉英麟

中原大學/工學院/化學工程學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900537

摘要

在奈米過濾的研究中，複合結構的薄膜是被廣泛應用且熟知的，本研究
以界面聚合方法製備鐵氟龍聚醯胺複合膜，並探討其在奈米過濾的應用性。
界面聚合反應，形成多層性複合薄膜PA/e-PTFE。由研究結果可以得知
polyamide 與改質後鐵氟龍(e-PTFE)薄膜間的穩定性及黏合性在進行奈米過
濾過程中有非常好的表現。由本研究結果可知當過濾操作壓力由四大氣壓上
升至七大氣壓，濾液對於PA/e-PTFE 薄膜的透過量並無明顯差別，因此此多層複
合薄膜在不同操作壓力下具有良好的穩定。本研究在過濾研究上利用dead-end 的
方式進行過濾，由研究結果可知PA/e-PTFE 薄膜利用1000 ppm 濃度的鹽纇水溶液
在進行奈米過濾時的透過量為7515 g/m2.h，而對於二價的鹽類進行過濾時過濾
的比例可達到84%以上。此外對於陽離子鹽類過濾具有良好的過濾效果，
在過濾鈉及鎂鹽類時過濾能力可達到70%及73%以上。由本實驗結果可以
得知PA/e-PTFE 薄膜在水的軟化上具有很高的應用價值。

關鍵字

界面聚合法 ； 聚四氟乙烯 ； 奈米過濾應用

並列摘要

In nanofiltration fields, the fabrication of the composite membrane is a well
known and effective method to acquired high permeation flux and rejection. In
this study, hydrogen plasma and ozone treatment technology were applied to
modify the expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (e-PTFE) film surface. Grafting
polymerization initiating was performed on the modified PTFE (mPTFE) film
surface using acrylic acid as hydrophilic monomer. Further treating PTFE-g-
PAAc with an amine aqueous solution converted carboxyl groups to amide coded
as PTFE-g-PAm. This study also performed work to fabricated PTFE composite
membrane coded as PTFE-PPEDA. The tailormade composite membranes consist
of mPTFE and ethylenediamine (EDA) top layer, which prepared by plasma
polymerization of EDA on the PTFE surface. The effects of plasma power on the
physical and chemical structure and nanofiltration performances of the composite
membranes are investigated by SEM, FTIR-ATR, XPS and salt rejection
respectively.
Polyamide/PTFE (PA/PTFE) thin film composite (TFC) membranes were
prepared through interfacial polymerization-containing aqueous and organic
solution using surface mPTFE as substrates. The membrane stability and adhesion
between the polyamide skin layer and the modified PTFE substrate was pretty
good to warrant the high performance of polyamide/e-PTFE TFC membranes
using in nanofiltration processes. The results showed that when the pressure rose
from 4 to 7 atm, the water flux did not significantly changes, indicated that the
membrane has good stability. The Flux and salt rejection performance were
determined by dead-end filtration. Polyamide/e-PTFE composite membrane
exhibited a permeation flux of 7515 g/m2.h and a rejection of bivalent salts up to 84% on nanofiltration process of a 1000 ppm aqueous salts solution. Moreover,
the obtained membranes also showed good performance in cation rejection
experiments, which can reject sodium and magnesium ions up to 70 and 73%
respectively. This properties makes the obtained membrane become prospective to
further applied in water softening.

並列關鍵字

Surface modification ； poly(tetrafluoroethylene) ； Nanofiltration ； thin film composite membrane ； interfacial polymerization

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