不同陽離子交換當量黏土/尼龍六 奈米複材之製程開發與性質研究

Studies on the Process and Characterization of Nylon6 Nanocomposites with Various Cation-Exchange Capacity Clays

劉榮吉(JUNG-CHI LIU)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900661

摘要

本研究選用六支不同陽離子交換當量(CEC)、與負電荷層分佈在四面體
或八面體的黏土礦與尼龍六進行原位聚合法製成尼龍六/黏土奈米複合材料
(nylon6/clay nanocomposites)並對其性質研究。實驗方法則是有別於過去文
獻報導以四級銨鹽或胺基酸將黏土改質有機化的製程方式，以純化級黏
土，將尼龍六單體己內醯胺(caprolactam, CPL)插層於黏土層間中，再利用原
位聚合合成出插層型(intercalation)與脫層型(exfoliation)的尼龍六/黏土奈米
複合材料。並以廣角X 光繞射儀(XRD)與穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)來檢測黏
土在高分子中的分散情形；藉由比照純尼龍六與尼龍六/黏土複合材料的微
差掃描熱卡計(DSC)與變溫X 光繞射儀(non-ambient XRD) 探討添加黏土後
尼龍六的晶相變化； 再利用熱重分析儀(TGA) 與圓錐熱量儀(Cone
Calorimeter)檢測其熱穩定性與熱釋放速率之差異；並由動態機械分析儀
(DMA)與射出標準試片檢測複合材料之機械強度的提升，如儲存模數、拉
伸強度、彎曲強度與衝擊強度皆提升20 %以上，特別是熱變形溫度(HDT)
由69℃提升至160℃；最後以氣體穿透分析儀(GPA)檢測黏土對於阻隔氣體
穿透之效果。

關鍵字

尼龍 ； 陽離子

並列摘要

In this experiment, the synthesis and the characterization of nylon-6/clay
nanocomposites with pristine clays of different cation exchange capacity (CEC)
and structure were investigated. Formation of intercalated and exfoliated
nylon6/clay nanocomposites by intercalating the monomer, caprolactam, into the
gallery of pristine clay via in situ polymerization process depends on the CEC
and structure of clay. Recently, there are a number of reports appeared in the
literature in which modified clays were used to synthesize the nylon 6/clay
nanocomposites. Generally, alkylammonium salts or amino acids were used as
modified agent. Our method is different from which of the traditional methods.
Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) techniques are employed to explain the morphology of
exfoliated nonocomposites. The study of crystallization behavior of nylon6/clay
nanocomposites are carried out by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and
non-ambient WAXD comparing with pristine nylon6. The thermal stability and
heat release rate were measured by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone
calorimeter, respectively. The Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) and
standard testing specimens according to ASTM were used to measure the
reinforcing mechanical properties of the nanocomposites that showed over 20%
enhancement of storage modulus, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact
strength. The heat distorted temperature (HDT) was increasesd from 69°C to
160°C. Finally, Gas permeability analyzer (GPA) showed the excellent gas
barrier property for exfoliated nylon-6/clay nanocomposites.

並列關鍵字

Nylon6 Nanocomposites

參考文獻

1. J. E. Mclntyre, Synthetic fibres: nylon, polyester, acrylic, polyolefin,

2. Malcolm P. Stevens, Polymer Chemistry An Introdcution, New York

Oxford University Press, 1999, New York.

4. L. B. James, Clays Clay Miner, 2005, 50 , 11.

5. H. V. Olphen , Clay colloid Chemistry , Chapter V , Wiley-Interface