多產品多期最佳再製造與產能模式

Optimal Re-manufacturing and Capacity Model for Multiple Products and Periods

朱御廷(Yu-Ting Chu)

指導教授 ： 饒忻

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700831

摘要

近年來國際陸續提出相關的環保法案如廢棄電子電機設備指令(WEEE)和危害性物質限制指令(RoHS)等來使企業必須回收廢棄的產品，以達到降低環境汙染，尤其是智慧型手機這種不斷推陳出新的產品，其平均使用壽命僅有2至3年，但在2013年時開始每年的銷售量就超過10億支，然而回收率卻只有20%左右，這種產品更需要執行逆物流活動減少廢棄物的污染及資源浪費。
在APPLE公司2017年的環境責任報告中提到他們的下一步將會是「停止地球上的採礦活動」，其表示未來期望用舊產品的可回收之材料來製作成新的產品。
在以往的文獻裡對於APPLE提到的使用二手物料這方面尚未有學者提出，在回收價格與回收率的關係也鮮有探討，和模組化的產能僅有少數幾篇，所以將針對以上提出的幾個觀點加入多產品與多品質並且分階段進入市場的概念，針對再製造商的最佳收購組合進行探討。
研究結果發現再製造商在越高的回收率下不一定利潤越好，因為在高回收率時的收購價格也跟著提高，而二手物料需求越大的情況下，再製造商與回收商的競爭越激烈，使得再製造商會能回收的產品數量變少造成利潤降低，最後模組化的產能因為每種產能的有限，也會造成再製造商改變收購組合。

關鍵字

逆物流 ； 二手物料 ； 回收價格 ； 收購組合 ； 產能限制

並列摘要

In recent years, international environmental regulations continued propose to WEEE and RoHS, so that enterprises must burden the responsibility of recycling products. The smart phone that keep innovating, but the average service life of smart phones is 2 to 3 years. In addition, the smart phone sales volume more than 1 billion in 2013; however, its return rate less than 20%. The products need to implement reverse logistics activities to reduce environment pollution and resources waste.
The next step in the Environmental Responsibility Report of APPLE in 2017 will be "Stop the mining activities on Earth", and will be expected to use the recyclable materials of old products to manufacture new products.
In the previous literature has not been proposed for APPLE mention to use of used materials. In the recovery of the relationship between the price and return rate is also rarely discussed, and modular production capacity is only a few. The research based on several of the above points to add multi-product and multi-quality and product different period into the market; then, discuss the best acquisitions for remanufacturer.
The results found that the remanufacturer did not have the better profit at the higher return rate, because the buyback price at the high recovery rate also increased. The greater the demand for used materials; further, the greater the competition between the remanufacturer and the recycler, resulting in lower profits. The modular production capacity due to the limited capacity of each, will also cause the remanufacturer to change the acquisition.

並列關鍵字

reverse logistics ； use of used material ； buyback price ； acquisition portfolio ； capacity constraints

參考文獻

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