新竹縣南埔村農村振興歷程研究

本研究旨在探討農村振興影響的因素以及振興因素之間的關係。臺灣農村整體面臨農村青年外流、人口老化、生活環境品質低落、青年務農意願有限、文化沒落、耕地面積縮小等問題。本文以新竹縣南埔社區為個案分析，其為全台第一個核定通過農村再生計畫之社區，藉由其成功地振興發展歷程找尋振興因素，檢視並分析因素之間的關係，期望能作為農村社區振興之參考。本研究從地方治理、民眾參與、農村再生政策與農村振興觀點出發，透過參與觀察法與訪談法蒐集研究資料，以1.領導者與社區接受人力培訓的發展時序、2.領導者與社區組之間的關係及連結、3.社區推動產業發展的過程與認同感的建立、4.政府與民間各項資源搭配運用之方式，探討個案面臨的問題與振興發展歷程。分析歸納因素有：1.人力培訓、2.組織網絡、3.友善耕作理念的建立與認同、4.民眾參與、5.資源運用與6.專業協助六大項。研究發現，在南埔社區的案例中，農村振興的關鍵有四項要點：一、人力培訓養成多重主力人員，提振社區各面向事務（人力資源充足，支援協助社區公共事務）；二、領袖特質與組織網絡互相影響，民眾參與凝聚共識（民主治理模式促進社區網絡連結，並以民眾參與過程有效凝聚社區共識）；三、公私部門人員需設身處地著想，讓資源連結更深化在地發展特色（多元管道的溝通與合作模式，讓資源投入發展重點，建立友善耕作的理念）；四、社區輔導的專業養成需眼觀四面、耳聽八方並具備謙虛學習態度（專業者需傾聽與同理心協助社區解決困境，學習在地智慧，給予社區發展方向與重點）。南埔社區以人力培訓提昇社區居民參與公共事務的積極度，也透過民主的地方治理將組織網絡整合，從水圳議題推動一級產業的發展，建立友善耕作的理念，加強社區居民與青年對地方產業發展的認同，在社區整體發展過程中，更是把握專業團隊與公部門資源的投入。其他農村社區在推動過程，組織網絡、重要議題帶動的地方認同及資源運用因素尚待進一步研究。

關鍵字

農村振興；地方治理；民眾參與；農村再生；南埔社區

並列摘要

This research aims to rural revitalization aspects and link for rural revitalization. The rural problem in Taiwan is that young people live in the field, the number of elderly people is increasing, the quality of living environment is not good, young people are reluctant to farm, and the area of agricultural farming is shrinking. In this paper for a case study is Nanpu community in Hsinchu County, which is the first community to approve Rural Regeneration plans in Taiwan. Through the exploration and development of the Nanpu community, we will look for factors, examine and analyze the relationship between the development process, and hope to serve as a reference for the revitalization of rural communities. I collected information through participation in observation and interviews to explore the relationship between local governance, popular participation, rural regeneration policies and rural revitalization. In the Nanpu community, we learned that the four three main aspects of rural revitalization. Firstly, the personnel training program can make human resources sufficient, and it can make more public affairs personnel and increase the participation of the Nanpu community. Secondly, community leadership traits interact with community organization networks, the participation of local residents can be consensus. Thirdly, public institutions and professional teams should put themselves in the shoes of the community, establish a cooperative model through multi-party communication channels, and let external resources invest in local development priorities. Fourthly, professional teams need observational and modest learning attitudes for community coaching, because the professional teams can help to solve difficult problems and provide development direction and development priorities for the community.