中小企業在印尼之品質管理經營的分析

印尼有四種不同型態的企業：微型企業、小型企業、中型企業和大型企業。印尼的中小企業扮演很重要的角色，更是印尼的經濟發展的重要支柱。由於，印尼的中小企業有很多的限制，而影響到它們的發展。這些困難點為財政資金的缺乏，品質管理作法的缺乏，和缺乏專業技術等等。本研究的目的在於探討印尼中小企業推行品質管理的狀況。研究方法是採用五個品質管理的構面來評比印尼之中小企業在這五個構面中的品管實務之重要程度和執行程度。這五個品質管理的構面是產品品質、流程品質、系統品質、全面品質和經營品質。本研究使用問卷來收集資料。研究的結果會幫助印尼的中小企業了解到哪些品質的作法是最重要的，讓中小企業能夠產品品質管理的執行成效。研究的結果才能夠幫政府擬定最重要的品質管理推動方向，提供給中小型企業做為提昇品質管理之策略。

關鍵字

重要性的程度；品質管理的作法；印尼的中小企業；執行的程度

並列摘要

The enterprises in Indonesia mostly are included within the type industries of micro enterprise, small enterprise, medium enterprise, and large enterprise. The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia have an important role to support the development of Indonesian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as much as 53.6%. Unfortunately, the Indonesian SMEs still face a lot of difficulties or constraints that impede their business development, such as: lack of financial funding, poor quality management skill, and lack of technology utilization. The purpose of this research is to examine which quality management practices are popular among the Indonesian SMEs in achieving quality. We used the questionnaire survey to conduct the research and a quality management stages model has been developed in order to classify all the quality practices into each specific stage during the development process of questionnaire. The quality management stages model consists of product quality, process quality, system quality, total quality, and business quality. The results of the research indicate that most of the Indonesian SMEs focus on the product quality stage, which they will give a lot of effort to create a good quality product to satisfy their customers. Furthermore, The Indonesian SMEs also prefer to use the more simple quality management approach to run the business rather than use the more complicated one. The training supports from the Indonesian government are also considered important, therefore some of the most important of quality practices has been provided in order to help the government in providing appropriate training programs for the SMEs.

並列關鍵字

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia ； quality management stages model ； quality practices implementation ； quality management practices ； the importance level of quality practices

參考文獻

1. Ahire, S. L. and Dreyfus, P. (2000). The Impact of Design Management and Process Management on Quality: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Operations Management. 18, pp. 549-575.

2. Baldrige National Quality Program (2009). Criteria for Performance Excellence, available at:

3. Blanchflower, D. G. (2000). Self-employement in OECD Countries. Labour Economics, 7, pp. 471-505.

4. Borror, C. M. (2008). The Certified Quality Engineer Handbook. Third Edition. ASQ Quality Press: Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

5. Brock, W. A. & Evans, D. S. (1989). Small Business Economics. Small Business Economics, Vol.1, No. 1, pp. 7-20.

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中小企業在印尼之品質管理經營的分析

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