累崩光二極體式之冷光檢測系統

A biochemical luminescence detection system using avalanche photo-diode

鄭文宗(Wen-Zeng Cheng)

指導教授 ： 婁世亮

中原大學/工學院/醫學工程研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700215

摘要

冷光分析法之裝置簡易又具有微量檢測之優勢，有開發成隨身生理參數檢驗系統之潛能。多數冷光儀以光電倍增管為光偵測器，雖有其高靈敏度之優勢，但卻有體積大、光陰極之壽命有限且價錢昂貴之缺點。累崩光二極體廣泛應用於光通訊上，其靈敏度高於一般二極體。本研究課題探討累崩光二極體應用於冷光儀之可行性。
探討的方法是設計製做完成兩套分別以累崩光二極體和光電倍增管為光子擷取元件之單通道冷光儀。以效能檢驗參數比較分析上述兩套冷光儀。所用以檢驗系統的最佳檢測試劑配製是經由TD 20/20自行調配的肌酸激酶混合配劑與乳酸去氫酶混合配劑。
效能檢驗參數結果顯示，用於累崩光二極體與光電倍增管之肌酸激酶檢測試劑之範圍均為1.76U/L ~ 17,625U/L，相關係數為0.998和0.994，總誤差為4.01%和12.1％，精密度則為3.99%和2.19%，這些結果皆符合臨床應用。累崩光二極體與光電倍增管對乳酸去氫酶之檢測試劑範圍均為312.5U/L ~ 5,000U/L，相關係數為0.9518和0.9377，總誤差為12.64%和14.77%，精密度則為3.39%和1.99%。依據乳酸去氫酶檢測範圍而言，兩者偵測極限需都低於所要求100U/L之標準。對此，建議檢驗試劑應予與修飾。在累崩光二極體與光電倍增管的靈敏度探討的結果顯示，兩者之靈敏度分別為1.147和0.922。
累崩光二極體之靈敏度雖然較光電倍增管低，但在其他的效能檢驗參數與光電倍增管相若，據此，吾人結論，在適切的檢驗試劑濃度下，累崩光二極體可運用於冷光儀之中。

關鍵字：冷光分析技術、光電倍增管、累崩光二極體、肌酸激酶、乳酸去氫酶

關鍵字

累崩光二極體 ； 光電倍增管 ； 冷光分析技術 ； 乳酸去氫? ； 肌酸激?

並列摘要

The luminescence-based assay has a few advantages. For example, its apparatus is simple and the sample volume required is in micro-liters. It has a great potential to be used as portable home health-care device. Most available luminometers employ photomultiplier tubes (PMT) to detect photons. PMT features its sensitivity. Unfortunately, its size is bulky; its photocathode has short life-span, and it is expensive. Avalanche photo-diode (APD) is commonly used in optoelectronic communication technologies. It also possesses high sensitivity. This course studied the feasibility of applying APD as the photon detector in a luminometer.
In this course, an APD-based and a PMT-based luminometers were first developed to be used for comparisons. Efficiency parameters such as dynamic range (linearity), correlation coefficient (CC), total allowable error (TEa), accuracy and sensitivity were used in the comparison studies. The targeted samples include creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogensase (LDH) and the assay mixtures corresponding to CK and LDH were optimized by a commercial luminometer before the tests.
In the studies of detecting CK, the APD-based and the PMT-based luminometers show a linear dynamic range in the range between 1.76U/L and 17,625U/L. The comparisons of CC, TEa, and accuracy between the APD and the PMT are (0.998, 0.994), (4.01%, 12.1％), and (3.99%, 2.19%), respectively. When the both luminometers were used in the studies of sensing LDH, the dynamic range is reduced to the range between 312.5U/L and 5,000U/L. The performances of CC, TEa, and accuracy between the APD and the PMT are (0.9518, 0.9377), (12.64%, 14.77%), and (3.39%, 1.99%), respectively. It must be noted that a clinic acceptable luminometer requires detecting ability of LDH as low as 100 U/L. Fortunately a few literatures suggest that adding appropriate amount of p-iodophenol into the LDH assay mixture should enhance the photon intensity. The sensitivity comparison results indicate that the APD and the PMT have average gradients of 0.922 and 1.147 from the calibration curves, respectively.
Though the sensitivity of the APD is inferior to that of the PMT, other efficiency parameters of these two luminometers are comparable. Thus we conclude that APD can be used as the photon detector of luminometers in sensing micro-scaled samples provided that proper amount of assay mixtures are used.

Keywords：luminescence-based assay, photomultiplier tube, avalanche photodiode, creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogensase

並列關鍵字

creatine kinase ； luminescence-based assay ； avalanche photodiode ； photomultiplier tube ； lactic dehydrogensase

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