本論文在探討發電管理系統的主要元件:自動發電控制 (Automatic Generation Control, AGC) 。自動發電控制是利用互連網路中配有自動發電控制系統之發電機組,隨時自動調整發電機組之瞬間出力,使得發電端及負載端在面臨即時波動時,仍能隨時保持平衡。透過自動發電控制的功能,電廠內的發電機組在不同發電模式之下的發電情況得以被監控,且能同時滿足內部區域的電量負載與排定銷售至外部區域的電量之電力安全調度。 本文研究積分控制器對二區域電力系統所產生影響,控制模型以火力電廠和水力電廠為主軸,並考慮發電功率限制與否所造成之響應變化。利用單純化法、基因演算法、粒子族群最佳化法、線性二次調制法等四種演算法進行最佳化,讓系統之區域控制誤差減少至零。模擬結果顯示系統頻率之暫態響應小且穩態響應迅速收斂至0 pu。
In this thesis, the theories of automatic generation control (AGC), which are the major components of generation management system, are discussed. In an interconnected system installed with the AGC modules, the role of the AGC is to instantaneously adjust the generation units so as to keep the power balance between sources and sinks. The generation status of power units under different control modes is monitored by AGC, which in the meantime can balance the needs both for the power consumption of internal controlled area and for the scheduled exchange Mega-Watt (MW) under the safety power dispatch. This study investigates the impact of an integral controller on the two area-power system. Controlled models used in this study are the thermal power plant and the hydro power plant. Generation Rate Constraint and their impacts on the variation of response are accounted for. Simulations of optimization using Simplex Method, Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, and Linear Quadratic with the aim of reducing the area control error of the system to zero are used in this study. The simulated results obtained from this study indicate that for the system frequency, its transient response is small and its steady-state response converges to zero pu quickly.