恆春古城破壞原因調查與版築夯土城牆之研究

The Investigation of the Destruction Cause of Heng-Chun City Wall and the Research of Rammed earth Construction

楊明人(MING-JEN YANG)

指導教授 ： 薛琴

中原大學/設計學院/文化資產研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700606

摘要

論文摘要
台灣目前殘存的城牆，大部份是由清代時期興建，其施工技術、構築材料、施工匠師皆源自中國，由於版築夯土城牆其施作的數量不像官舍、民宅、廟宇等豐富齊全，無較多相關資料可作比對印證，故僅能參考現有的幾座殘存夯土城牆，推估其原始作法，並參閱大陸論述城牆的古書籍及已施作過的修復紀錄，來作為本研究之依據。另外藉由現況實體調查採樣，透過實驗室之分析與試驗。依試驗數據調配材料配比，以研究後之工法現場實際施作，再藉由現代檢驗技術，獲取較合理的施工工法。本論文主要內容為：
第一章：緒論
本章內容係針對研究動機、目的、範圍、方法進行論述。
第二章：恆春古城沿革及現況
本章是對恆春古城的歷史沿革作簡要說明及對現代的恆春鎮各項發展現況，包括人文、經濟、交通、土地使用、都市計劃等作概要介紹。
第三章：恆春古城破壞原因調查
本章內容敘述恆春古城牆現況，透過現場實體勘查，並作鑽探之地
質調查和地下水位之觀測及使用透地雷達探測牆體，找尋隱藏之破壞點，另作現場基礎挖掘調查，以便了解城牆基礎之構造情形，並繪製現況圖，作為修復之依據。
第四章：版築夯土城牆之形制與構築方法
本章內容是藉由文獻的探討，了解古代夯土城牆之形制及其構造工法和材料工具之使用，同時並針對其構造力學原理作分析，和對土方夯實度之檢測方法作討論，希望能研究出一較合理之修復工法。
第五章：結論
本章論述藉由嚴謹之修復計劃，避免重蹈破壞之覆轍及對修復後夯土城牆使用現代技術、現代材料的看法，希望遵守文資法古蹟之修復原則，儘量採用原材料、原傳統技術，但在隱藏處及防震功能性的考量，可使用現代工法並標記說明修復過程，讓城牆本體自明性展現修復結果的樣貌。

關鍵字

版築夯土 ； 壓實度

並列摘要

Abstract
Currently existing city walls in Taiwan were mostly built in the Ching Dynasty. The building skills, materials, and even technicians were from China. Since the quantity of rammed-earth city walls are not so many as government building, civilian residence or temples, related information is much less for comparing or as reference. Therefore, we may only utilize few remaining rammed-earth city walls to simulate its original building methods, along with some ancient literatures about city walls from China and its completed recovery records as the reference information of this dissertation. Upon physical sample research with testing and analysis of the laboratory, we used that testing data to adjust the percentage of each material. Based on studied building method, we tried to get more reasonable building method with the help of modern testing techniques.

The summery as below:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Introduction of the motif, goal, range and methods of the research.
Chapter 2: Current condition at present stage and historical transform of
Heng-Chun city wall.
Rough explanation of historical transform of the old town of Heng-Chun, and development of modern Heng-Chun town, including introduction of its humanity, economics, transportation, land-using, and city plans.

Chapter 3: Investigation of the collapsing reason of the old town of Heng-Chun.
Current condition of the old walls is indicated in this paragraph. We explored the physical walls on site, investigated it geologically, observed the
underground water level, and used the underground radar to check the wall,
in order to find out the possible damaged point. Then we dug the base of
the wall onsite to find out the infrastructure of the wall base, and drew the current condition as the autopsy of the recovery construction.
Chapter 4: Format of the rammed-earth city wall and the building methods.
By research of ancient literatures, we tried to understand ancient
rammed-earth city wall’s format, construction methods, and utilization of
tooling and materials. At the same time, we analyzed the wall with the
structure mechanics, along with testing the firmness of the earthworks, in
order to find out a more reasonable and accomplishable recovery building
methods.
Chapter 5: Conclusion
To prevent the possibility of damage and the negative observation of using
modern techniques or material, we followed the principle of the cultural
heritage preservation act with conscientious recovery plan. Even we used
the original building material and traditional construction method, we still
used the modern techniques and indicated the process of the recovery, for
letting the city wall itself to show the outcome of the recovery.

並列關鍵字

Degree of Consolidation ； Rammed earth Construction

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