聚苯乙烯於渦旋式流體化床焚化爐 富氧焚化之研究

A Study of Oxygen-Enriched Incineration for Polystyrene in a Vortexing Fluidized Bed Incinerator

黃崧弼(Sung-Pi Huang)

指導教授 ： 錢建嵩

中原大學/工學院/化學工程學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700727

摘要

富氧燃燒技術挾其提高整體燃燒溫度、燃燒效率、破壞去除率、提高煙氣二氧化碳濃度與有效降低煙氣流量之優勢，結合節能與環保效益之特點於近廿年逐漸推廣。台灣地區因地狹人稠，事業廢棄物之處理除作為再利用之原料與材料，即屬掩埋與焚化。相較於掩埋法，焚化處理方式最能有效地達到破壞各種有害成份與減積之目的。
本研究目的係探討富氧燃燒技術於渦旋式流體化床焚化爐之應用。實驗於底面積0.8 m × 0.4 m、高4.8 m之先導型渦旋式流體化床焚化爐中進行。以聚苯乙烯為進料物，一次風風量、二次風風量與純氧體積流率為操作參數，針對爐出口煙氣中氣態污染物及苯進行檢測，並觀察爐內燃燒情形。
實驗結果顯示，富氧燃燒技術可確實提高燃燒溫度與破壞苯環結構物。在聚苯乙烯的焚化過程中，因燃料特性而無可避免地產生大量碳煙，導致爐出口之一氧化碳濃度無法有效降低。對此，一次風風量影響煙道氣停滯時間甚鉅。於維持床內流體化效果佳的前提下，改用較小粒徑之床質並停用少部分氣體分佈器，可有效降低一次風送風量。當一次風風量降低至1.10 Nm3/min，二次風送風量2.25 Nm3/min的情況下，可有效降低爐出口一氧化碳排放濃度。

關鍵字

聚苯乙烯 ； 富氧燃燒 ； 碳煙 ； 渦旋式流體化床焚化爐

並列摘要

From the viewpoint of energy-saving and environmental protection, with the advantages of high combustion temperature, high combustion efficiency, high destruction and removal efficiency and low air pollutants emissions, oxygen-enriched incineration has been promoted in the past two decades. Taiwan is a densely populated country, and the ways to deal with industrial wastes are recycled for raw materials, landfill and incineration. In comparison with landfill, incineration is the best technique for destructing hazardous elements and effective for size reduction.
The purpose of this study is attempted to using oxygen-enriched technique in vortexing fluidized bed incinerator (VFBI). The experiments were carried out in a pilot scale VFBI with cross section of 0.8 m x 0.4 m and 4.6 m height. Polystyrene is used as the feeding material. The operating parameters include primary air flow rate, secondary air flow rate, and oxygen flow rate. The concentration of gaseous pollutants, including benzene, in the flue gas from the incinerator was detected, and the combustion phenomena within the incinerator were observed.
The experimental results show that the combustion temperature and destruction of hazardous components can be increased significantly while oxygen-enriched incineration is employed. According to fuel property, soot formation during the polystyrene incineration was unavoidable and could not reduce the CO concentration effectively in exhaust. The amount of primary air influenced the residence time greatly. Maintaining the good fluidization quality, changing smaller diameter of the bed material and stop using a part of gas distributor can effectively reduce the primary air flow rate. As primary air flow rate reduced to 1.10 Nm3/min and secondary air flow rate at 2.25 Nm3/min, the CO concentration can be decreased significantly.

並列關鍵字

oxygen-enriched combustion ； soot ； vortexing fluidized bed incinerator ； polystyrene

參考文獻

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