RC建築物滲漏水成因及防治對策之探討

Research about Leaking Phenomenon of RC Buildings and its Remediation Methods

林清富(Ching-Fu Lin)

指導教授 ： 馮道偉

中原大學/工學院/土木工程學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700760

摘要

摘要
台灣地處亞熱帶氣候區，約有78%年降雨量降於每年5~10月期間，年平均雨量為2510 mm，約為世界平均值3.5倍，加以環太平洋地震帶上頻仍之振動、對結構體造成損傷，可謂『地震頻仍、颱風不斷、暴雨連連、高溫照射』，然而ㄧ但施工不良，無可避免的導致建築物普遍之滲漏水現象，以致大多數房屋均存有大漏、小漏或微漏之漏水問題，顯見國內建築物滲漏水問題之普遍性與嚴重性，更是一般消費大眾購屋置產最為詬病的；然而在施工技術日新月異之今日，針對已產生滲漏水之既有建築物，該如何尋求一經濟且可靠之治理對策，藉以改善居家空間之舒適性，應為土木工程人員今後無可迴避之重要課題。
有鑒於國內文獻及出版品較偏重於防水工法之研究，且著重於事先預防之探討；對於已滲漏水之既有建築物其論述著墨甚少，事後補救對策之敘述少之又少，因此本研究主要在於探討國內既有RC建築物滲漏水成因及其防治對策，藉由文獻分析，依據歷年來所見之滲漏水問題、透過實地現況調查，進而提議有效之『治理對策』，其成果包括：
1.依滲漏成因之分析歸納而了解『滲漏』問題之根源所在。
2.依『滲漏位置』之研判而得知『滲漏路徑』之方法。
3.依『滲漏路徑』之了解而因地制宜求得治理之方案。
祈本研究成果能帶給國人對這「既古老又新穎」的惱人問題有新思維，更期許業界及相關從業人員對於既有RC建築物滲漏水成因及後續修繕工程能有進一步之認識，避免重蹈覆轍。

關鍵字

RC建築物 ； 滲漏水

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
The climate in Taiwan is subtropical. The average annual rainfall in Taiwan is 2510 mm, which is 3.5 times more than the average annual rainfall of the world. Besides, 78 percent of the rainfall in Taiwan usually happens in summer and fall, from May to October, every year. Moreover, Taiwan is also located in the Ringed Pacific Ocean Seismic Belt. A lot of earthquakes or earth tremors frequently hit this island. Based on the geographical conditions above, the leaking problem of a building has become very common in Taiwan, especially when the quality of the house is not good enough. In fact, we do find that the leaking problem has been very popular and serious among the buildings in Taiwan. Hence, being a civil engineer, we should try our best to figure out an economic, reliable, and effective way to solve this leaking problem.
This research mainly puts emphasis on the reasons why RC buildings have leaking problems and the methods how we can repair the RC buildings with leaking problems. By analyzing researches and doing field work, I come up with several effective cures to this problem. The results are included below:
1. By analyzing the cause of the leaking, we can learn what the “root” of the leaking problem is.
2. By judging the position of the leaking, we can get the “path” of the leaking.
3. By studying the path of the leaking, we can figure out the cure to the leaking problem.
I hope that this research can provide a brand-new way to think about such an “old but new” leaking problem. I also hope that the research can help civil engineers know more about the reasons why RC buildings have leaking problems and the methods how we can repair the RC buildings with leaking problems.

並列關鍵字

leaking ； water ； RC

參考文獻

[5] 詹穎雯，「新拌混凝土中氯離子含量檢測」，財團法人台灣營建研究院，1996年。

[8] 洪宏基，「橋樑防治技術手冊」，財團法人台灣營建研究院，第32-34、63頁，1999年。

[14] 林楨中，陳彥翰，「營造工程音波監測防災監控技術研究-混凝土音洩特性探討」，行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所，第33-34頁，2005年。

[34] 行政院公共工程委員會，「公共工程監工人員基礎訓練班教材」，第6-17頁，2006年。

[42] 張國龍，「環境白皮書」，行政院環境保護署，第64-67頁，2006年。