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  • 學位論文

費雪精確度檢定之樣本數演算法

Sample Size Algorithm for Fisher’s Exact Test

指導教授 : 吳建華

摘要


我們提供一個演算法是可以在特定顯著水準和期望檢定力之下,透過電腦做精確的計算來得到樣本數。在一般的統計文獻中,計算樣本數的方法琳瑯滿目,傳統的樣本數計算方法會利用極為複雜的公式運算,或是需要長時間的電腦模擬來得到結果,但這些方法都會有些許的誤差,且模擬方法也需要一段極長的時間;因此,本文提供一個計算樣本數的演算法,不但可以避免掉龐大的公式運算,且只要極短時間的電腦演算即可得到結果,更重要的是,沒有誤差的問題。我們採用原本的理論分配,利用alpha-方程式和beta-方程式進行模擬演算,以控制型一誤差為條件,進而達到期望檢定力為目標,直到收斂即停止,透過這樣的演算法,以電腦模擬成功的計算出費雪精確度檢定下之樣本數。

並列摘要


We develop an algorithm which can get sample size through accurate computation of computer under specific significance of level and expected power. In general statistical documents, the methods of computing sample size are varied. The traditional method of computing sample used complicated formula or simulation for a long time to get the result, but these methods may have some error and it will take more long time to calculate. Hence, the paper develops an algorithm to compute sample size which can avoid enormous computation and need short time to complete. It is important that there is no problem about error. We adopt original distributions and employ equation and equation to do the algorithm. We control the type I error to achieve expected power until convergence and then stop. Through the algorithm like this, we can succeed in computing sample size by simulation for Fisher’s Exact Test.

參考文獻


[1] Alan Agresti , “An introduction to categorical data analysis” (1996).
[2] Armitage P. and Berry G. ,”Statistical methods in medical research”, Blackwell scientific publications, Oxford (1987).
[3] Bennett B.M. and Hsu P. ,”On the power function of the exact test for 2x2 contingency table”, Biometrika, 47, 393-398 (1960).
[4] Campbell M.J. ,”The choice of relative sizes for the comparison of independent proportions”, Biometrics, 38, 1093 (1980).
[5] Casagrande J.T. , Pike M.C. ,and Smith P.G. , “An improved approximate formula for calculating sample sizes for comparing two binomial distributions”, Biometrics 34,483-486 , September (1978).

被引用紀錄


曾雅敏(2008)。序位資料之樣本數演算法〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2008.00033

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