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  • 學位論文

勝算、勝算比、相對風險、對數勝算 之截取冪級數估計量

Truncated Power Series Estimators for Odds, Odds Ratio, Relative Risk and Log Odds

指導教授 : 吳建華

摘要


在長期資料的研究中,二元資料分析一直以來都是重要的統計議題,因此勝算、勝算比、相對風險,和對數勝算對於二元變數之影響性極為重大。根據Lehmann在1983年證明了1/p之不偏估計量是不存在的,但可以尋找較為不偏的估計量來做為其估計,因此我們分別利用一般常見估計式( Conventional Point Estimators,CE )和截取冪級數估計式( Truncated Power Series Estimators,TPSE )對勝算、勝算比、相對風險以及對數勝算做估計,進而利用統計軟體R進行模擬,比較兩種不同估計法下的偏誤和均方誤差,以便評斷其估計式之優劣。最後經由本研究可知,勝算、勝算比、相對風險,及對數勝算在截取冪級數估計法下的估計量最具有效性。

關鍵字

相對風險 勝算 勝算比 對數勝算

並列摘要


Analysis of binary data in a longitudinal study has been an important statistical issue. Thus odds, odds ratio, relative risk, and log odds have a significant effect upon the binary variable. According to Lehmann in 1983, the unbiased estimator of the inverse of proportion is nonexistent but we can find a estimative value approximated to unbiased, and therefore use Conventional Point Estimators ( CE ) and Truncated Power Series Estimators ( TPSE ) to estimate for odds, odds ratio, relative risk, and log odds. Proceed to the next step, we use statistical software-R to simulate them, then we can obtain the data of Bias and MSE to compare by CE and TPSE, and then we can judge pros and cons of the two estimative methods by MSE. Finally, we can realize the conclusion that the TPSE for odds, odds ratio, relative risk, and log odds are the best efficient estimators.

並列關鍵字

odds odds ratio log odds relative risk

參考文獻


[1] Agresti, A. (2002). Categorical Data Analysis. John-Wiley & Sons.
[2] Agresti, A. (2007). An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis.
[3] Lehmann, E. L. (1983). Theory of point estimation. John-Wiley & Sons.
[6] 陳宛玲(2009),藥物經濟學中費用與效能比的不偏估計量之研究與探
John-Wiley & Sons.

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