住宅室內木作裝修現場空氣品質危害因子之評估研究

A Research of the Negative Impact Factors of Indoor Air Quality in the Residential Interior Wooden Construction Work

范綱竣(Kang-Chun Fan)

指導教授 ： 吳燦中

中原大學/設計學院/室內設計研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000584

摘要

大量的化學產品及裝修材料被利用於室內裝修的過程中，極可能會造成室內環境中有害的化學物質及物理物質的產生。據NIOSH（美國國家職業安全部門）調查，對室內環境空氣品質產生影響的六大主要因素包含通風換氣系統、戶外污染源、室內人員、建築材料、事務機具與用品及其他有機物質等。然而施工人員因工作上的需求，必需要經常暴露於高風險性且較為危險的作業環境中，因此室內施工人員的行為以及裝修材料的使用與室內裝修環境中的空氣品質之間有相對較高的關聯性。
本研究主要目的是為了瞭解室內裝修工程，木作工程施作時的空氣品質變化狀況。研究方法採用現場實地檢測法，在研究過程中首先於施工現場運用偵測儀器分別針對物理性因子及化學性因子進行連續性及橫斷性量測，除開工前背景值之外，並將檢測期間區分為三階段。分析此三階段獲得之數據以探討裝修現場作業環境空氣污染之情形，偵測範圍以室內裝修面積中大量使用木作工程之空間為主。其次探討在裝修過程中，裝修面積與裝修建材之間的裝修負荷率，對於產生甲醛及揮發性有機化合物逸散濃度相互關係，並記錄裝修行為中產生的懸浮微粒，再進一步評估物理性及化學性危害因子對從事木作工程施工人員，可能造成的身體危害和入住者使用後所造成的影響。
根據裝修現場空氣品質檢測結果，室內甲醛濃度平均（8小時）值在裝修期間都沒有超過建議值，探究其原因是由於室內裝修環境並非密閉且不通風的場所，因此，在施作期間若能維持室內空氣流通，則可讓室外新鮮空氣流入，使室內甲醛濃度降低。室內TVOC濃度平均（8小時）值在裝修期間的後半階段都趨近且超過建議值3ppm甚多。在懸浮微粒PM2.5方面，所有案例在施工裝修期間的檢測都超過標準建議值，而在收工後約一個小時才會緩慢的降至標準濃度。而在法令規範上，目前並沒有針對室內裝修作業環境的評估標準，使裝修人員的健康安全遊走在法律規範的灰色地帶，期望透過本研究使政府單位及裝修從業人員重視室內裝修作業環境品質。

關鍵字

室內空氣流動性 ； 裝修負荷率 ； 室內裝修作業環境 ； 室內空氣品質因子

並列摘要

In the environment of interior construction, a great quantity of chemistry product and materials are used in the processing interior construction, proceeded the dangerous chemical and physical matter inside. According to the investigation of NIOSH, there are six risk factors. Because of working requirement, the workers have to expose to high risk and more danger working environment, there is the high correlation between workers’ behavior and the use of constructed material affecting indoor air quality.
The aim of study is to measure the quantity change of air quality in the period of processing interior construction, when carpentry and painting air quality variation during the processing of construction. The materials used in the projects were recorded for investigating the space renovate load rate (RLR) for the purpose to limit the study on the IAQ during the carpentry works. The equipment used to detect the physical and chemical factors of 24 hours totally real-time measurements. Expect the background values obtained, the testing process can be divided into three stages. The data obtained from these three stages can be used to study the problem of the IAQ at the construction decoration fields. The main scope of measurement area is to use a lot of lumber, plywood and solvent decoration material.The process of research is the progressing the measurement of chemical and physical factors in constructed scene and recording the statistics of using materials to constructed process. In order to following carries on qualitative and quantity to compared and cross-over analysis research. Discuss the interrelation of constructed area, temperature, the concentration of dispersing wood dust, formaldehyde and TVOCs indoor air in constructed process. Ultimately, evaluate the affection of health to carpentry workers and residents further.
According to the construction site air quality test results, The average indoor concentration of formaldehyde (8 hours) values did not exceed the recommended renovation period the value of exploring the reasons is due to interior environment is not confined places without ventilation, therefore, if the maintenance of facilities for indoor air circulation during the period, they can make Outdoor fresh air flow, reduce indoor formaldehyde concentration. The average indoor TVOCs concentration (8 hours) values during the late phase of the renovation are approaching and many exceed the recommended value of 3ppm.In PM2.5, all cases detected during the construction renovation more than the standard recommended values, but about finish the work an hour after will slow down to the standard concentration.In the specification,there is no interior work environment for the assessment of standards, carpentry worker walk to the gray areas in the legal norms,expect the Government and the attention to interior decoration professionals the quality of working environment.

並列關鍵字

indoor air fluidity ； renovated loading rate ； interior construction enviorment ； indoor air quality factor

參考文獻

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