超額與隱性翻譯的策略應用：哥德恐怖小說吸血鬼中譯本之比較研究

Overt and Covert Strategies for Translating a Gothic Horror Novel: A Comparison of Two Chinese Translations of The VAMPYRE; A Tale

楊祖炎(Tsu-Yen Yang)

指導教授 ： 李姿儀

中原大學/人文與教育學院/應用外國語文研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800177

摘要

約翰‧威廉‧波里道利 (John William Polidori) 不只是位醫生，同時也是位作家。他的作品中最著名的為《吸血鬼》，在歌德時期的15到19世紀是一本很傑出的小說 (Mutch, 2012, p. 7)。作者成功以生動描繪吸血鬼形象，使讀者深刻感受到此種超越自然、無法抗衡的力量，開啟「吸血鬼」主題式書寫，成為哥德式小說 (Gothic fiction) 中的代表作，有「吸血鬼之父」之稱。本文運用朱莉安豪斯 (Juliane House, 1997) 所提出的超額 (overt translation) 與隱性翻譯 (covert translation)，致力重現原文的恐怖風格給台灣讀者。譯者利用超額翻譯 (overt translation)，立志保存原文的文化，再提供額外背景知識，得以讓讀者清楚了解譯文並能融入其中；也能在不同的情況下使用隱性翻譯 (covert translation)，透過修飾讓句子更加淺顯易懂。透過譯言古登堡計畫的網頁中發現《吸血鬼》已有簡體譯文，張逸夫與夏雨的中國譯文中，他們盡量完整呈現原文文化背景內涵，卻疏於描寫吸血鬼形象，導致譯本的台灣讀者無法感受到原文所帶來的恐怖風格。由於此書沒有台灣譯本，所以繁體版本的譯文為研究者自行翻譯，研究者先以超額翻譯 (overt translation) 與隱性翻譯 (covert translation) 理論，進行譯文的歸納比較，並且指出兩個譯文之間的差異性，最後提出翻譯建議，希望能對將來的譯者或相關研究有所助益。

關鍵字

超額翻譯 ； 隱性翻譯 ； 哥德小說 ； 吸血鬼

並列摘要

John William Polidori, the author of THE VAMPYRE; A Tale, was born in 1797. The work THE VAMPYRE is one of the most important works in the Gothic genre, because Polidori for the first time allowed readers to experience the visceral qualities of horror through what is called “vampirism” – the tales of vampires and their victims (Mutch, 2012, p. 7). Hence, Polidori became a well-regarded writer and one of the originators of vampire fictions. In accordance to the overt and covert strategies by House (1997, pp. 66-70) successful translations not only keep source information but also provide richly detailed background information for readers’ understanding. However, in analyzing the simplified Chinese translation produced in China and sourced from the website Yeeyan.org, the researcher found some sections would not convey to Taiwanese readers the visceral experience of terror and death as originally written in English. The present study elaborates on three steps in the textual analysis. First, the researcher applies Juliane House’s theories of overt and covert translation strategies for translating THE VAMPYRE in conveying Polidori’s style of vampirism to Taiwanese readers. Second, the researcher analysis and tries to identify the major differences between the two translations. Finally, the researcher will provide suggestions that translators evoke the interest to target readers by applying overt translation strategy.

並列關鍵字

overt translation ； covert translation ； Gothic novel ； vampire

參考文獻

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