思考抑制與心理健康的關係：自我慈悲的調節效果

Thought Suppression and Mental Health:The Moderating Effect of Self-Compassion

葉駿婕(Chung-Chieh Yeh)

指導教授 ： 李怡真

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700606

摘要

過去研究指出，思考抑制傾向較高或是長期使用思考抑制策略，並不利於心理健康；但也有研究發現在低生活壓力下，較高的思考抑制傾向與較低的憂鬱有關，並且將思考抑制作為心理治療策略，或是面對負向事件時短時間抑制負向想法，將會有助於心理健康。針對思考抑制者在什麼狀況下能更具有適應性，近年來有許多研究發現自我慈悲特質可有效的促進心理健康，而本研究認為自我慈悲特質極可能可以幫助個體在思考抑制後能有較好心理健康的重要因素，因此本研究假設自我慈悲為思考抑制者能否擁有較佳身心適應的重要調節變項。為檢驗此一假設，本研究選擇透過實驗法介入的方式來誘發自我慈悲狀態，並將此舉視為提升自我慈悲特質。在研究中引導參與者回想負向事件，並且誘發自我慈悲狀態，使其以此心理狀態去面對負向經驗。本研究招募18歲至31歲的學生參與者共計124名，參與者被分派到實驗組（誘發自我慈悲組）或控制組（單純書寫組），兩組參與者均在實驗說明會上完成基本資料、思考抑制、自我慈悲、心理健康等自陳式量表；參與者接續在一週內至少書寫五天日誌（意即誘發自我慈悲狀態或是單純書寫經驗），待此階段完成，參與者再完成思考抑制、自我慈悲、心理健康等自陳式量表。
本研究結果顯示，思考抑制之兩個子面向（侵擾、抑制）與正向心理健康指標多有顯著負相關，而與負向心理健康指標皆有顯著正相關，此結果顯示侵擾、抑制與正負向心理健康有穩定的關係。調節效果檢驗的結果則顯示，自我慈悲狀態未能調節抑制與心理健康之間的關聯性，但自我慈悲狀態可以調節侵擾與情感平衡、焦慮之間的關聯性；並且對於高侵擾者來說，相較於單純書寫經驗，若能誘發其自我慈悲狀態，將會有較高的情感平衡與較低的焦慮，而對於低侵擾者來說，相較於誘發自我慈悲狀態，單純書寫經驗能有較高的情感平衡與較低的焦慮。本研究的發現，可以提供受想法侵擾所苦的個體，作為面對此類狀況時介入的參考。

關鍵字

思考抑制 ； 自我慈悲 ； 心理健康

並列摘要

Previous studies have shown that people who has higher tendency of though suppression and who tends to use thought suppression strategy in long-term are not conducive to mental health. However, other studies found that thought suppression is conducive to mental health in some situations. For example, higher tendency of thought suppression is associated with lower depression under low life stress. Thought suppression as a strategy of psychotherapy and short-term use of thought suppression strategy can also benefit mental health. The purpose of the present study is to investigate how to make thought suppressor more adaptable. In recent years, many studies have found that trait self-compassion can benefit mental health. The present study considered that trait self-compassion would be beneficial for mental health of people with higher tendency of thought suppression. Therefore, the present study examined whether self-compassion could moderate the relationship between thought suppression tendency and mental health. Therefore, the present study adopted experiment method to induce state self-compassion and this will be regarded as to enhance trait self-compassion. In present study, participants will recall negative events, and induced state self-compassion, so that the psychological state to face negative experience. A total of 124 participants were recruited between the ages of 18 to 31 and were assigned to the experimental group（induced self-compassion group）or control group（simple writing group）.In the experiment briefing, all participants were asked to complete a survey which include the basic information, White bear suppression inventory, Self-compassion scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Peace of Mind Scale, Positive and negative affect scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale. Fowlling, participants were asked to keep diary according to the instructions of self-compassion or simple writing at least five days in a week. After participants finished this phase, they were asked to complete a survey which include White bear suppression inventory, Self-compassion scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Peace of Mind Scale, Positive and negative affect scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale.
The results showed that: thought suppression（suppression and intrusion）was negatively correlated with positive mental health indexes, and positively correlated with negative mental health indexes, showing a stable relationship between suppression, intrusion and mental health. The result of the moderating effect showed that the state self-compassion cannot moderate relationship between suppression and mental health. But state self-compassion can moderate the relationship between intrusion and mental health. When people with higher levels of intrusion are intervened by increasing state self-compassion, compared to the simple writing experience, they will have a higher affective balance and lower anxiety. If people with lower levels of intrusion are intervened by simply writing experience, compared to the increasing state self-compassion, they will have a higher affective balance and lower anxiety. Based on this finding, this study provides possible intervention orientation for people with higher levels of intrusion.

並列關鍵字

Thought suppression ； self-compassion ； mental health

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