生產線人力規劃之個案研究

本研究的主要目的是為生產線做最適的人力配置，假設一條生產線有若干個工作站，一般而言，每個工作站都會根據各工作站的特性來安排人力，透過線性規劃可以找出最適的人力配置解。然而本個案公司面臨的問題卻不是以上典型的生產人力的配置問題，本個案公司生產線共有9個工作站，基於成本考量，並不是每個工作站配置固定的人力，而是每天一開始將人員配置於前四個工作站，此舉會造成人力在調度期間生產效率的損失。根據個案公司目前的經驗法則，生產線每天的人力總調度時間約為21,008分鐘，若以本研究的線性規劃模型求解，總人力調度時間會降為11,527分鐘，若能根據線性規劃結果，重新安排各工站的原賦人力工時，則總調度人力工時可大幅降為2,716分鐘，總計可節省18,292分鐘，若每分鐘的效率損失以新台幣1元計算，估計一年（設為250個工作天）可為個案公司省下約新台幣457萬元。

關鍵字

線性規劃；人力規劃

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to find the optimal manpower planning for the production line through linear programming, where in a production line is assumed to have several workstations with each workstation having arranged its manpower according to its demand. However, the problem faced by this case company is an atypical production manpower planning problem. The company had a total of 9 workstations on its production line. Considering costs, not every workstation was assigned a fixed manpower resource. Instead, the staff was deployed to the first four workstations at the beginning of each day and then assigned staff to other workstations afterwards. This would result in a loss of productivity during the manpower scheduling period. According to the current rule of thumb of the case company, the total manpower time scheduled for the production line is about 21,008 minutes per day, which would be reduced to 11,527 minutes if the scheduling problem is solved using the linear programming model proposed in this study. If the originally assigned labor time of each station could be rearranged based on the linear programming results, the total manpower time would be significantly reduced to 2,716 minutes, representing a total saving of 18,292 minutes. If we assume the efficiency loss per minute to be NT$1, the case company is estimated to save NT$4.57M per year (taken to be 250 working days).