各類工業廢水經薄膜蒸餾系統前後水質差異研究

摘要水回收課題於近年來備受重視，本次研究主題(1)水質具可回收性(2)水質濃度高不易處理(3)處理成本較高(4)水樣濃縮後可產生較高的經濟效益。以這些水樣作為取樣的標準。目前工業廢水以無機大多採化學混凝及有機則以生物處理為主，因此需考慮薄膜蒸餾系統的優勢有水質淨化的效果以及減少固狀廢棄物的產出。傳統以化學混凝及生物處理當設計不當及水質濃度偏高所產出大量的有機汙泥、無機汙泥、重金屬汙泥。對於減廢及薄膜蒸餾系統設置操作，此為被關注之改善重點，而薄膜蒸餾系統所耗費之去除效率、耗能操作成本、處理效率為當下考慮分析的重點。本研究以各類工業廢水經薄膜蒸餾系統處理前後水質差異作為主題，廢水中之化學需氧量(COD) 、氮(N) 、PH值、八大重金屬、導電度、色度的水質前後參數分析是為本文所需觀察之重點參數項目。本次研究薄膜蒸餾系統所採用兩端皆為鐵材質，實驗根據每次採樣所得數據對此設備產水水質分析，以固定參數操作，在各類工業廢水水質經過薄膜蒸餾系統，污染物質於產水端減少程度、去除效率、產水量、操作成本作為各類工業廢水是否適用薄膜蒸餾系統之評估。本研究的各項最高效能:分別為化學需氧量去除率98.9%、膜通量14.7(kg/(m²*hr))，最低效能:分別為化學需氧量去除率23.4%、膜通量5.5(kg/(m²*hr))

關鍵字

薄膜蒸餾

並列摘要

The importance of water recycling issues has been increasing in recent years, the main research subjects are (1) proper water quality for recycling (2) difficulty in high concentration wastewater (3) high treatment cost and (4) higher economic value after the concentrated process. Currently, the main treatment process of industrial wastewater is chemical coagulation for inorganic and biological treatment for organic. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the advantages of membrane distillation system because the system could have the high treatment efficiency and reduce the solid waste production. The traditional chemical coagulation and biological treatment would produce abundant organic sludge, inorganic sludge and heavy metal sludge with the improper design and treating the high concentration wastewater. For the purpose of waste reduction, this study would like to analyze the efficiency of membrane distillation system, including removal efficiency, treatment cost and treatment efficiency. The samples are from various types of industrial wastewater and water quality parameters are including chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen (N), pH value, eight heavy metal items, conductivity and color. This study applied iron material in both ends of the membrane distillation system with the fixed operation parameters to treat the water samples. After the treatment process for the various types of industrial wastewater, we would evaluate the performance of the system based on the results of removal efficiency, water production and operation cost. The results showed that the highest efficiency: 98.9% of chemical oxygen demand removal rate and membrane flux 14.7 (kg/(m2*hr)).