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  • 學位論文

2005年全民健保部分負擔調整政策效果分析

The Adjustment Effect of NHI Co-payment Policy in 2005

指導教授 : 陳計良

摘要


摘要 自1995年起,我國正式實施全民健康保險制度,其目的在於集合社會上多數人的力量,共同解決社會中少數人的就醫問題,以照顧全體民眾的健康。然而全民健保開創至今15年以來,一直面對的最大問題就是年年的虧損。回顧過去十幾年中,中央健保局為了維持其財務穩定及確保全民健保制度的運作,提出了各種調整方案。其中,部分負擔調整政策是中央健保局抑制民眾醫療資源浪費及建立轉診制度最常使用的政策。截至目前為止部分負擔調整政策已經調整過八次之多,而最近一次則是在2005年進行。因此,本研究主要目的是為了瞭解2005年部分負擔調整政策是否能夠有效抑制民眾就醫次數,抑制民眾醫療資源浪費以及是否有效的讓民眾重新分配到各層級醫療院所就醫的比例,落實轉診制度並達成分層就醫的目的。 本研究之研究樣本主要使用國家衛生研究院所製作的「全民健康保險研究資料庫」,篩選出110,129位在部分負擔調整政策實施前後(2004年7月15日~2006年9月14日)皆有就醫紀錄之民眾,透過多變量迴歸分析法測試2005年部分負擔調整政策是否能達成政策目標。為使本研究結果更加穩健,因此對於部分負擔調整政策是否能抑制民眾就醫次數的部分,另外針對門診高利用族群進行敏感性測試。對於部分負擔調整政策是否能驅使民眾落實轉診制度的部分,針對有高階醫療院所偏好民眾、罹患適合至各階層醫療院所就醫疾病之民眾以及罹患適合至高階層醫療院所就醫疾病之民眾進行敏感性測試。 研究結果顯示,2005年的部分負擔調整政策對於民眾的就醫需求確實能都顯著的發揮抑制的效果;另外對於門診高利用者的醫療需求所發揮的抑制效果同樣能夠確實並且有效的發揮。此外本研究發現,2005年部分負擔調整政策後能夠驅使民眾增加至基層診所的就醫比例,減少至高階層醫療院所的就醫比例;對於有高階層醫療院就醫偏好之民眾,亦能夠達到同樣的效果。最後,進一步透過疾病別的區分,可以更明顯的觀察到2005年部分負擔調整政策能夠有效驅使民眾落實轉診制度並達成分層醫療的目的,並且不會顯著影響真正有至高階層醫療院所就醫需求民眾至高階層醫療院所的就醫比例。

並列摘要


ABSTRACT The Nation Health Insurance system(NHI)of Taiwan has been operating around 15 years. The most important issue is the growing deficit problem. In order to control deficit and ensure survival of NHI, the Bereau of Nation Health Insurance (BNHI) has executed many adjustment policies. co-payment policy is one of the common use policies to restrain medical demand of people and to implement referring system. For the past 15 years, co-payment policy had been adjusted 8 times, the latest adjustment was made in 2005. The purpose of my research is to understand the adjustment effect of NHI co-payment policy in 2005, especially in restraining medical demand of people and the validity of referring system. The sample in my research uses “National Health Insurance Research Database”, which was produced by National health Research Institutes. There are 110,129 people who had medical record during July 15, 2004 to October 14, 2006 (before and after the co-payment policy was implemented). I adopt random effect model to analyze the adjustment effect of NHI co-payment policy in 2005. In order to make research results more robust, I select the people who were defined as frequent visitors of outpatient services, then testing whether the adjustment of co-payment policy in 2005 could control their medical utilization. In addition, I select the people who have a preference for high-level hospital for medical treatment and have diseases suited to all-level medical institutions for medical treatment and have diseases suited to advanced hospital for medical treatment, then testing whether the adjustment of co-payment policy in 2005 could improve referring system. According to the empirical result, the adjustment of co-payment policy in 2005 not only could control medical demand of people effectively, but also inhibited frequent visitors of outpatient services effectively. In addition, the adjustment of co-payment policy in 2005 drove people to implement referring system, and push people who have a preference for advanced hospitals for medical treatment to low-level hospitals. Finally, I distinguish the sample by specific disease type. After testing, it is clearer to understand that the adjustment of co-payment policy in 2005 can improve referring system and does not affect people who have medical demands for advanced hospitals for medical treatment.

參考文獻


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