將陣列、結構、鏈結串列加入視覺化程式設計系統之問題探討

Addition of Arrays, Records and Linked Lists to a Visual Coding System – Some Issues and Solutions

徐國華(Kuo-Hua Hsu)

指導教授 ： 夏延德

中原大學/工學院/資訊工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100549

摘要

學習寫程式對於多數的程式設計初學者而言是個難度很高的挑戰，尤其是在程式中加入了陣列、結構(以下稱之為struct)和鏈結串列(以下稱之為linked-list)的部分後，這些資料型態的加入使得整個程式的結構變得更加複雜化，學生們對於其運作流程更是無法充分的理解。因此，為解決此的問題，本研究發展了一個視覺化的寫程式系統來幫助學生們去學習關於陣列、struct和linked-list的概念，並針對此系統在設計及實作上所碰到的問題進行一些探討。
過程中除了提出本研究所使用的系統與visual programming、program visualization及interface builder系統的差異及其定位外，還有討論其他研究中所使用的視覺化寫程式系統或除錯工具的資料呈現方式與本系統的呈現方式之比較，以及本系統在陣列、struct和linked-list視覺化的呈現問題及解決方法和操作介紹，亦有針對此系統對學生的幫助及系統改進建議進行調查。
最後，調查的結果顯示使用此視覺化的寫程式系統對於幫助學生瞭解程式運作及陣列、struct…等的概念上有不錯的反應，而對於本系統能用來取代傳統文字coding來寫程式方面則只有少部分學生認同，此結果證明了本系統的定位－「以概念學習為主要目的，並非用來coding」與實際結果是相符的，同時也證實使用視覺化的寫程式方式來幫助學生學習陣列和struct的概念是可行的。

關鍵字

模擬操作 ； 直接操作 ； 初等程式設計教育 ； 結構 ； 鏈結串列 ； 陣列 ； 視覺化寫程式

並列摘要

For most novices, learning to write a program is a very difficult challenge, especially when arrays, records, or linked lists are used in the program. These data types are more complex. Therefore, students may not fully understand how to process such data structures. In order to solve this problem, a visual coding system was developed to help students learn the use of arrays, records, and linked lists. In this thesis, we describe how the system works and we also discuss about the design and implementation of this system.

We first examine the differences between visual coding systems, visual programming systems, program visualization systems and interface builders. This is followed by a discussion about existing research on visual programming, program visualization and visual coding. The discussion focuses on issues and solutions as related to how arrays, records, and linked lists are presented and operated upon. By using a questionnaire, students’ reaction toward the potential usefulness of this system was solicited and presented as a survey result.

The survey result shows that the use of this visual coding system for writing programs helped them better understand the working of programs; this system also helped them develop the understanding of the concepts of array and record. However, only few students agree that this system can be used as a substitute for traditional textual programming systems for writing programs. The survey result is in line with the role of the system. It also confirms that the use of visual coding does help students to better understand the concepts of array and record.

並列關鍵字

programming by demonstration ； introductory programming ； array ； record ； linked-list ； direct manipulation ； visual coding

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