具磁性之奈米粒子、奈米碳管、奈米 複合材料之合成研究

Preparation and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and nanocomposites

李協昱(Hsieh-Yu Li)

指導教授 ： 劉英麟

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100715

摘要

本實驗包括兩大方向，一為經由不同表面官能基化的方法改質磁性奈米粒子，另一為利用臭氧改質方式，將磁性碳奈米管以PLA進行表面修飾，並以不同的摻混比例，以製膜法和電紡絲法分別探討所獲得的高分子奈米複合材料的性質。
首先，製備磁性奈米粒子直徑約為10奈米，並利用簡單的合成方式，使磁性粒子表面帶有反應官能基，如以GMA、AGE與FGE單體利用環氧基修飾磁性粒子表面，藉由單體上C=C官能基以自由基聚合方式接枝，或是furan官能基，可以經由Diels–Alder reaction接枝; 以P-CPM單體，可將羧基接枝於磁性奈米粒子表面，並藉由maleic imide 進行Diels-Alder reaction，亦或是與NH2官能基進行Michael 反應 ；以MIA單體，將單體上OCN官能基與磁性粒子進行接枝，且藉由四圜環與NH2進行醯胺化反應 。
另一方面，利用表面改質使磁性粒子表面帶有furan官能基，再利用Diels-Alder反應將此磁性奈米粒子反應於碳奈米管上，提升磁性粒子與碳奈米管之間的作用力，實驗結果藉由高解析度穿透電子顯微鏡(HRTEM)、化學分析電子儀(ESCA)確認碳奈米管表面帶有磁性奈米粒子，再另用臭氧程序將PLA反應於此磁性碳奈米管上，表面經由PLA改質後，能有效提升碳奈米管在有機溶劑(氯仿)中的良好且持久的穩定分散性。
經由簡單塗膜製備出厚度約為40 μm薄膜，可發現所製備出的複合材料具有良好的導電性，以及能夠有效提升材料的抗張強度(Stress)和楊氏係數(Young's Modulus);經由電紡絲法，可以發現改變不同含量碳奈米管及磁性碳奈米管，會影響纖維形態構造，利用磁性碳奈米管能夠有效提升PLA纖維直徑的均一性及穩定性，且所製備出的纖維同時也具有磁性吸附的效果。

關鍵字

電紡絲 ； 聚乳酸 ； 奈米碳管 ； 磁性奈米粒子 ； 奈米複合材料

並列摘要

In this study, our report is including two objectives. One is the magnetic nanoparticles were modified by different organic chemicals, and another is PLA chains are bonding to magnetic carbon nanotubes (FCNT) through an ozone-mediated process. Polymer/CNT nanocomposites were prepared in two kinds of forms, membranes and nanofibers, with different CNT mass ratio.

The size of the as-prepared magnetic nanoparticles is about 10 nm, and the chemicals containing epoxy, carboxyl, or isocyanate groups were used to modify the surface of magnetic particles. After modification, the fuctional groups onto the magnetic particle surface can conduct further reactions to prepare nanocomposites. The magnetic particles possess C=C groups can proceed radical polymerization with usual monomers, and the magnetic particles possess furan or maleimide groups can proceed diels-alder reaction with dienophile or diene organics, respectively. Furthermore, The magnetic particles possess azrtidine-2,4-dione groups can proceed Michael addition reaction with organics containing amine groups.

Otherwise, the furan groups on magnetic particles were utilized to attach the surface of CNT through diels-alder reaction. The interaction force between magnetic particles and CNT were enhanced because the chemical bond formed. The magnetic nanoparticles attached onto CNT surface was confirmed by HRTEM and ESCA.

PLA chains are bonding to magnetic carbon nanotubes (FCNT) through an ozone-mediated process. The PLA-modified FCNT showed a good dispersibility in organic solvent (chloroform).

PLA/FCNT hybrid films were prepared by solution casting method and the film thickness is about 40 μm. It can be found that as-prepared films possess good electrical conductivity, and the ability to effectively improve the mechanical properties. PLA/FCNT nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method. SEM and TEM images indicate that the morphology of nanofibers was changed with different FCNT/CNT contents. Finally, the results showed that FCNT can improve the uniformity of nanofibers size and the stability of nanofibers structures.

並列關鍵字

electrospinning ； magnetic nanoparticles ； nanocomposites ； carbon nanotubes

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