水泥業二氧化碳減量策略研究及經濟效益分析

Carbon Dioxide Reduction Strategy and Economic Efficiency Analyze in Cement Industry

張文菖(chang-wen chang)

指導教授 ： 呂鴻光游勝傑

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100849

摘要

由於水泥的能源密集度高，且因終年不停窯的製程特性，以致於每年都消耗大量的化石燃料，間接也產生了大量的二氧化碳排放。因此本研究藉由使用原、燃料中添加廢棄物的方式，減少製程中的二氧化碳排放量，且針對各原、燃料及添加物組合進行經濟效益分析，並再帶入碳價格進行水泥總成本效益分析，而最後則將平均煤價與碳價格作為變動參數，分析各燃料組合中在不同情境中考量最低能源成本的優先選擇策略。而經研究結果得知，使用石灰石添加焚化爐底渣(7.008%為限)，不論在原料成本或碳排成本都比單純使用石灰石來的更具經濟效益;而在燃料組合的分析中，若不考量碳排成本下，則廢溶劑添加次煙煤的燃料成本為所有組合中最低，而褐煤則是在不考量燃料成本下，當碳價設定為每噸750元時，其碳排成本為所有燃料組合中最低;而在總成本方面，當碳價為每噸750元時，廢溶劑添加次煙煤的總成本為所有燃料組合中最低。在碳價比與平均煤價比變動策略分析方面，則可得知高揮發份煙煤在本研究中，不論在任何情境下皆是最差燃料選擇，而廢溶劑添加次煙煤，在碳價高、平均煤價比高(碳價比2250、平均煤價比1)的情況下，為所有燃料組合中第一優先選擇，而不考量添加物時，次煙煤在低碳價低煤價的情況下(平均煤價比低於0.5且碳價低於300以下)，為三種燃料中的最佳選擇，當碳價高平均煤價比低 (碳價高於2250元且平均煤價比低於0.53)的情況下，褐煤為所有燃料組合中第一優先選擇，而使用廢輪胎添加次煙煤要在平均煤價比高且碳價比高(平均煤價比達到1.4且碳價比為2.46以上)，才是最佳使用時機。

關鍵字

水泥業 ； 二氧化碳 ； 經濟效益 ； 減量策略

並列摘要

The reduction of carbon dioxide emission has become a global concern. Cement production, highly energy intensive and characteristic of the year-round non-stop kiln process, requires a large number of fossil fuel consumption, and consequently contributes to large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, wastes were added to the raw material and fuels for reducing the carbon dioxide emission during manufacturing process. The economic efficiency was discussed for the addition of wastes to raw material and fuels. Further, together with the carbon prices, the total cost benefit analysis was done as well. The average prices of coal and carbon were served as varying parameter in each fuel ratio to determine the minimum energy cost in different circumstances. The results showed that the limestone with the addition of incineration bottom ash (7.008% limit) was more cost effective than the pure use of limestone in terms of whether raw material cost or the cost of carbon emission. For the analysis of different fuel mix, regardless of the cost of carbon emission, the cost of sub-bituminous coal with waste solvent added was the lowest in the entire fuel mix. The cost of carbon emission for lignite
, regardless of fuel cost, was the lowest, provided that the carbon price was NT 750/ton. For the total cost, when the carbon price was NT 750/ton, sub-bituminous coal with waste solvents added was the lowest. For the dynamic strategic analysis of the price of carbon varying ratio and the average price of coal varying ratio, it was realized in this study that high volatile bituminous coal was the worst fuel option in any circumstances. When the carbon price and the average price of coal varying ratio(coal ratio =2250、average price of coal varying ratio=1)were high, sub-bituminous coal with waste solvent added was the optimal option of the three. While carbon price was high and the average price of coal was low(carbon price higher than 2250 and average price of coal varying ratio lower than 0.53), lignite was the priority choice. The use of sub-bituminous coal with the add of waste tires would be optimal when coal varying ratio and carbon varying ratio( the average price of coal varying ratio reaching 1.4 and carbon varying ratio above 2.46)were high.

並列關鍵字

Economic efficiency ； Carbon dioxide ； Cement ； Reduction Strategy

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