- 學位論文
聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯，聚乙烯及聚丙烯分別與人工合成鋰鋁層狀雙氫氧化合物形成奈米複材之製備與性質探討
Preparation and Characterization of Polyethylene terephthalate, Polyethylene and Polypropylene/LiAl-LDH Nanocomposites
摘要
本研究分為兩部分做探討。第一部分以水熱法(Hydrothermal)製備具化學可調控性之奈米級人工合成鋰鋁層狀雙氫氧化合物(LiAl Layer Double Hydroxide, 簡稱LiAl LDH)，藉由改變反應時間控制其長晶片狀面積大小及均一性。接著利用陰離子置換反應將LiAl LDH與改質劑氨基苯磺酸鈉(Sulfanilic Acid Sodium Salt Hydrate，簡稱SAS)於室溫下反應，成功製備出有機官能化之LiAl LDH-SAS；第二部分，利用溶膠-凝膠法(Sol-Gel method)將LiAl LDH與鈦酸丁酯(Titanium Butoxide，簡稱TBT)反應，形成LiAl LDH-TiO2，接著將LiAl LDH-TiO2粉末藉由煅燒法將未反應完全的產物進行縮和，使反應完全，形成去層化之LiAl LDH-TiO2。最後，利用原位聚合與熔融混煉的方式將無機層材分別添加於不同高分子基材中，製備奈米級複合材料並探討其各方面的特性，如：分散性、熱穩定性質、阻隔性質…等物性影響。利用原位聚合製備之1.0 wt% LiAl LDH-SAS/PET其熱穩定性提升20℃，機械性質提升74%，對紫外光之穿透率降低至39%，對氣體阻隔都有所提升，其阻隔改善因子(Barrier Improvement Factor，BIF)值各為4.5 (氧氣)、5.3(氮氣)。另一方面，利用熔融混煉製備之PE/PEgMA/LiAl LDH- TiO2其對於紫外光穿透降低至2.2%，對氣體之阻隔其BIF 值各為1.29 (氧氣)、1.32(氮氣)；PP/PPgMA/LiAl LDH- TiO2其對於紫外光穿透降低至0.3%，對氣體之阻隔其BIF 值各為1.08 (氧氣)、1.16(氮氣)。
並列摘要
This study is divided into two parts. The first part is for the preparation of pristine LiAl layered double hydroxide via coprecipitation method and control the particle size by changing the reaction time under the hydrothermal condition. Then the layer double hydroxide was modified by using sulphanilic acid sodium salt hydrate (SAS) to form modified LiAl LDH-SAS, this method can increase the compatibility both of inorganic filler and polymer matrix. The morphology of the LiAl LDH-SAS is investigated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, LiAl LDH-SAS/PET nanocomposites were prepared by in-situ polymerization under the vacuum condition. The dispersion morphology of LiAl LDH-SAS/PET nanocomposites was studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and thermal mechanical analyzer (TMA) were applied to measure the thermal and mechanical properties. The gas barrier property was measured by gas permeability analyzer (GPA) and UV barrier property was measured by UV-Vis spectra. The second part, mixed LiAl layered double hydroxide and Titanium butoxide by sol-gel method to importing titanium dioxide into the interlayer of LiAl layered double hydroxide, then the LiAl LDH-TiO2 was synthesized. The morphology of the LiAl LDH-TiO2 are investigated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, LiAl LDH-TiO2/PE and LiAl LDH-TiO2/PP nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing via co-rotating tightly intermeshed twin-screw extruder (DSM micro-compounder). The dispersion morphology of LiAl LDH-TiO2/PE and LiAl LDH-TiO2/PP nanocomposites were studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The gas barrier property was measured by gas permeability analyzer (GPA) and UV barrier property was measured by UV-Vis spectra.