研究聚光型太陽能電池正電極對光電轉換效率之影響

高聚光下工作的太陽能電池，在設計電池結構上的金屬電極是很重要，因為在高聚光下所產生的光電流密度變高，此電流會流經分佈在太陽能電池結構的內電阻，造成各種分佈的電阻產生功率損耗，使得整體太陽能電池轉換效率下降。金屬電極成為將電流導引出來的關鍵，所以優化金屬電極間距的寬度與電池面積遮蔽率變成很重要的課題。本研究探討金屬前電極在高聚光倍率下太陽能電池效率的影響，分別製作四種不同寬度的圓型金屬電極與十種不同寬度的直線型金屬電極，進行戶外的實際量測，借由理論模擬分析分佈在電池結構模型內的串聯電阻產生的最大功率損耗輸出，並將電池拿到戶外做實際上的量測，發現當理論模擬出來串聯電阻的總損耗(Ptotal)達到最小值時,與實際戶外量測會有大的轉換效率符合。利用理論模擬分析,發現當聚光比(concentrator ratio)由高倍率往低倍率漸減時,擁有最高效率的電池，上電極的金屬間距(S)會有遞增的現象，分析分佈在電池結構模型內的串聯電阻所帶來的損耗，可以發現當金屬與半導體所產生的接觸電阻值(Rc)越低時，對電池整體損耗(Pc)會越小。我們可以得到在聚光倍率200倍下，使用金屬遮蔽率3.75%的圓型電極，其轉換效率達30.48%，並分析太陽能參數短路電流、開路電壓、填充因子在不同聚光倍率下的影響。

關鍵字

金屬正電極；功率損耗；聚光型太陽能電池

並列摘要

It is very important to design the front grid pattern of the solar cells at different illumination level，because the high density of the photocurrent become high under concentrator light, This current flows through the distribution of the internal resistance of the solar cell structure, The resistance of a variety of distribution to a power loss, making the overall solar cell conversion efficiency decreased. The front grid pattern become critical of leading the current, Therefore, optimizing the width of front grid pattern and cell area shadowing rate to become a very important issue. This paper proposes influence of the front grid pattern of high-efficiency Ⅲ-Ⅴ concentrator solar cells on photoelectric conversion efficiency. We experiment designed four different widths of circular front grid pattern and the dozens of different width of the linear front grid pattern to perform the actual outdoor measurement. And the experiment designed a method by theoretical simulation maximizing the power loss output using a distributed series resistance model for high-efficiency concentrated photovoltaic systems. By theoretical simulation of front metal grid located on the solar cell structure model is caused of the series resistance of power loss. For use in outdoor measurement，we can get the conversion efficiency of 30.48% under 200 times of the concentrated sunlight，and shadowing factor of the circular front contact grid of the cell is 3.75%，analysis of the impact of the short-circuit current, open circuit voltage and fill factor in the parameters of solar cells，short-circuit current increases with increasing the concentrated sunlight.

並列關鍵字

Concentrator solar cells，Front grid pattern，Power loss

參考文獻

[1] Richard Smalley, Energy & Nanotechnology Conference, Rice University, Houston May 3, 2003

[3] German Advisory Council on Global Change, 2003

[14] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Terrestrial Reference Spectra “http://rredc.nrel.gov

[33] K. N., T. T., T. A., M. K.,Y. U. and T.F.,“Evaluation of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge Triple- Junction Solar Cell under Concentrated Lightby Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis” JJAP.,Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, pp. 882–889

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研究聚光型太陽能電池正電極對光電轉換效率之影響

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